The distance from the origin to a point (x, y) is given by √(x² + y²). The point (0, 1) has a distance of 1, which is the smallest.

The point (2, 3) is the midpoint of the segment joining (1, 2) and (3, 4), making it equidistant from both.

Substituting x = 2 into the equation y = 2(2) + 1 gives y = 5, so the point (2, 5) lies on the line.

A concave hexagon has at least one interior angle greater than 180 degrees, which makes it a non-convex polygon.

The number of diagonals in a polygon is given by n(n-3)/2. For a hexagon (n=6), it has 9 diagonals, which is more than the others.

A star-shaped polygon has at least one interior angle greater than 180 degrees, making it concave.

A star-shaped polygon is an example of a non-convex polygon because it has points that point inward.

A concave hexagon has at least one interior angle greater than 180 degrees, making it a non-convex polygon.

The polynomial x^2 + 4x + 4 can be factored as (x + 2)^2, making it a perfect square.

A quadratic polynomial is defined as a polynomial of degree 2, which is 2x^2 + 3x - 5.

A quadratic equation has a maximum value when the coefficient of x² is negative. Here, all options have a positive coefficient, but the first option can be rewritten to show its vertex form.

The discriminant of x^2 + 4x + 5 is negative (16 - 20), indicating complex roots.

A rhombus has all sides equal and opposite angles equal.

In a rectangle, the diagonals are equal in length but not perpendicular.

In a rectangle, the diagonals are equal in length but are not necessarily perpendicular.

In a rectangle, the diagonals are equal in length.

In a kite, the diagonals bisect each other but are not equal in length.

A kite has diagonals that are not equal in length, while the others have equal diagonals.

A kite has diagonals that are not equal, which distinguishes it from squares, rectangles, and rhombuses.

In a rhombus, the diagonals bisect each other at right angles.

A trapezium is defined as a quadrilateral with at least one pair of parallel sides.

A parallelogram is defined as a quadrilateral with opposite sides that are both equal and parallel.

A rhombus has opposite sides that are equal and parallel, making it a special type of parallelogram.

A square has equal diagonals, which is a property of squares and rectangles.

The change of base formula states that log_a(b) can be expressed as log_c(b) divided by log_c(a).

The slope-intercept form of a line is y = mx + b, where m is the slope and b is the y-intercept.

10^(3x) can be rewritten as (10^3)^x = 1000^x.

4^(3/2) can be rewritten as (2^2)^(3/2) = 2^(2*3/2) = 2^3 = 8.

x^2 - 9 is a difference of squares, which factors to (x - 3)(x + 3).

x^2 - 9 is a difference of squares, which factors to (x - 3)(x + 3).