Phenol is widely used as a disinfectant due to its antimicrobial properties.

Probiotics are beneficial bacteria that help improve gut health and can prevent infections.

Sodium bicarbonate is used in baking as a leavening agent, in cleaning products, and as an antacid for relieving heartburn.

Sulfur is used in fertilizers, explosives, and rubber production.

Yeast is commonly used in bread making due to its ability to ferment sugars and produce carbon dioxide.

Plasmids are commonly used as vectors in gene cloning because they can replicate independently within a host cell.

Plasmids are commonly used as vectors to transfer genetic material into host cells in genetic engineering.

Homo sapiens is the correct example of binomial nomenclature, where the genus name is capitalized and the species name is in lowercase.

The correct expression for electric current is I = V/R, according to Ohm's law.

Cyclohexane is a cyclic hydrocarbon with a ring structure.

The ability to reproduce is a defining characteristic of life, while the others may not apply to all living organisms.

Annelids, such as earthworms, are characterized by their segmented bodies, which is a defining feature of this phylum.

The kingdom Animalia is defined by multicellular and heterotrophic organisms.

Annelids, such as earthworms, are characterized by their segmented bodies.

Mollusca includes soft-bodied animals, many of which have a hard shell for protection.

Nematodes, or roundworms, are characterized by their cylindrical, elongated body shape.

Food availability is a density-dependent factor because its effect on population growth changes with population density.

Loss of biodiversity leads to a loss of ecosystem resilience, making ecosystems more vulnerable to changes.

All of the above options are direct threats to biodiversity, affecting species and ecosystems.

Asexual reproduction lacks genetic variation, which can make populations more vulnerable to diseases and environmental changes.

HIV/AIDS is caused by the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), which is a virus.

All of these factors influence the rate of transpiration in plants.

Algae are primarily characterized by their ability to perform photosynthesis using various pigments, but they do not have true roots or vascular tissues.

Angiosperms are characterized by producing seeds, having vascular tissues, and producing flowers.

Bryophytes are non-vascular plants that typically thrive in moist habitats.

Dicots are characterized by having two cotyledons and net-like venation in their leaves.

Dicotyledons are characterized by having two seed leaves (cotyledons) and net-like venation in their leaves.

External fertilization typically occurs in aquatic environments where sperm and eggs are released into the water.

Fungi have chitin in their cell walls, distinguishing them from plants.

Internal fertilization occurs inside the female's body, providing protection to the developing embryo.