Q. Which of the following expressions is equivalent to 3^(2x) * 3^(x+1)?
A.
3^(3x + 1)
B.
3^(2x + x + 1)
C.
3^(x + 2)
D.
3^(2x + 1)
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Solution
Using the property of exponents that states a^m * a^n = a^(m+n), we combine the exponents: 2x + (x + 1) = 3x + 1.
Correct Answer:
A
— 3^(3x + 1)
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Q. Which of the following expressions is equivalent to log_10(0.01)?
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Solution
log_10(0.01) can be rewritten as log_10(10^-2) = -2.
Correct Answer:
A
— -2
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Q. Which of the following expressions is equivalent to log_10(1/100)?
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Solution
log_10(1/100) = log_10(10^-2) = -2.
Correct Answer:
A
— -2
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Q. Which of the following expressions is equivalent to log_10(100) + log_10(10)?
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Solution
log_10(100) = 2 and log_10(10) = 1, so 2 + 1 = 3.
Correct Answer:
C
— 5
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Q. Which of the following expressions is equivalent to log_10(1000)?
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Solution
Since 1000 is 10^3, log_10(1000) = 3.
Correct Answer:
A
— 3
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Q. Which of the following expressions is equivalent to log_5(25) + log_5(5)?
A.
log_5(125)
B.
log_5(30)
C.
log_5(20)
D.
log_5(10)
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Solution
Using the property of logarithms, log_5(25) = 2 and log_5(5) = 1. Therefore, log_5(25) + log_5(5) = 2 + 1 = 3, which is log_5(125).
Correct Answer:
A
— log_5(125)
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Q. Which of the following expressions represents the coefficient of x^3 in the expansion of (2x + 3)^5?
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Solution
Using the Binomial Theorem, the coefficient of x^3 is given by C(5,3) * (2^3) * (3^2) = 10 * 8 * 9 = 720.
Correct Answer:
C
— 90
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Q. Which of the following expressions represents the inverse of 4^x?
A.
4^(-x)
B.
1/4^x
C.
4^(1-x)
D.
Both 1/4^x and 4^(-x)
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Solution
Both 1/4^x and 4^(-x) represent the inverse of 4^x.
Correct Answer:
D
— Both 1/4^x and 4^(-x)
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Q. Which of the following expressions represents the polynomial obtained by multiplying (x + 1) and (x - 1)?
A.
x^2 - 1
B.
x^2 + 1
C.
x^2 + 2
D.
x^2 - 2
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Solution
The product (x + 1)(x - 1) is a difference of squares, resulting in x^2 - 1.
Correct Answer:
A
— x^2 - 1
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Q. Which of the following expressions represents the product of the roots of the polynomial h(x) = x^2 - 4x + 4?
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Solution
The product of the roots of a quadratic polynomial ax^2 + bx + c is given by c/a. Here, c = 4 and a = 1, so the product is 4.
Correct Answer:
A
— 4
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Q. Which of the following expressions represents the sum of the coefficients in the expansion of (2x - 3)^4?
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Solution
To find the sum of the coefficients, substitute x = 1 into the expression: (2(1) - 3)^4 = (-1)^4 = 1, but the coefficients sum to -81.
Correct Answer:
D
— -81
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Q. Which of the following expressions represents the sum of the roots of the quadratic equation 5x^2 + 3x - 2 = 0?
A.
-3/5
B.
3/5
C.
2/5
D.
-2/5
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Solution
The sum of the roots is given by -b/a, which is -3/5 for this equation.
Correct Answer:
A
— -3/5
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Q. Which of the following expressions represents the vertex of the quadratic equation y = ax^2 + bx + c?
A.
(-b/2a, f(-b/2a))
B.
(b/2a, f(b/2a))
C.
(c/a, 0)
D.
(0, c)
Show solution
Solution
The vertex of the quadratic equation is given by the point (-b/2a, f(-b/2a)).
Correct Answer:
A
— (-b/2a, f(-b/2a))
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Q. Which of the following functions has a graph that approaches but never touches the x-axis?
A.
Linear function
B.
Quadratic function
C.
Exponential function
D.
Constant function
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Solution
An exponential function approaches the x-axis as x approaches negative infinity but never actually touches it.
Correct Answer:
C
— Exponential function
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Q. Which of the following functions has a vertical asymptote?
A.
f(x) = x^2 + 1
B.
f(x) = 1/(x - 2)
C.
f(x) = e^x
D.
f(x) = log(x)
Show solution
Solution
The function f(x) = 1/(x - 2) has a vertical asymptote at x = 2, where the function is undefined.
Correct Answer:
B
— f(x) = 1/(x - 2)
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Q. Which of the following graphs represents a function that is neither increasing nor decreasing?
A.
A straight line with a positive slope
B.
A straight line with a negative slope
C.
A horizontal line
D.
A parabolic curve opening upwards
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Solution
A horizontal line represents a function that is constant, meaning it neither increases nor decreases.
Correct Answer:
C
— A horizontal line
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Q. Which of the following graphs represents a function that is not one-to-one?
A.
A straight line with a positive slope.
B.
A parabola opening upwards.
C.
A horizontal line.
D.
A line with a negative slope.
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Solution
A parabola opening upwards is not one-to-one because it fails the horizontal line test; a horizontal line can intersect it at two points.
Correct Answer:
B
— A parabola opening upwards.
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Q. Which of the following graphs represents a function that is strictly increasing?
A.
A graph that slopes downward from left to right.
B.
A graph that slopes upward from left to right.
C.
A horizontal line.
D.
A graph that has both increasing and decreasing intervals.
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Solution
A strictly increasing function is one where, for any two points x1 and x2, if x1 < x2, then f(x1) < f(x2), which is represented by a graph that slopes upward from left to right.
Correct Answer:
B
— A graph that slopes upward from left to right.
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Q. Which of the following graphs represents a quadratic function?
A.
A straight line.
B.
A parabola opening upwards or downwards.
C.
A hyperbola.
D.
A circle.
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Solution
A quadratic function is represented by a parabola, which can open either upwards or downwards.
Correct Answer:
B
— A parabola opening upwards or downwards.
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Q. Which of the following is a characteristic of a converging series? (2023)
A.
It approaches a finite limit
B.
It diverges to infinity
C.
It oscillates indefinitely
D.
It has no limit
Show solution
Solution
A converging series approaches a finite limit as more terms are added.
Correct Answer:
A
— It approaches a finite limit
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Q. Which of the following is a characteristic of a linear equation in two variables?
A.
It can have multiple solutions.
B.
It can be represented as a quadratic function.
C.
It always forms a straight line when graphed.
D.
It has no solutions.
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Solution
A linear equation in two variables always forms a straight line when graphed.
Correct Answer:
C
— It always forms a straight line when graphed.
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Q. Which of the following is a characteristic of a polynomial function?
A.
It can have negative exponents.
B.
It can have fractional exponents.
C.
It is continuous and smooth.
D.
It can have logarithmic terms.
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Solution
Polynomial functions are continuous and smooth, meaning they do not have breaks, holes, or sharp corners.
Correct Answer:
C
— It is continuous and smooth.
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Q. Which of the following is a characteristic of a system of linear equations that has a unique solution?
A.
The equations are dependent.
B.
The equations are inconsistent.
C.
The equations intersect at one point.
D.
The equations are parallel.
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Solution
A unique solution occurs when the equations intersect at exactly one point.
Correct Answer:
C
— The equations intersect at one point.
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Q. Which of the following is a characteristic of composite numbers?
A.
They have exactly two distinct positive divisors.
B.
They are greater than 1.
C.
They cannot be expressed as a product of two smaller natural numbers.
D.
They are always odd.
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Solution
Composite numbers are defined as natural numbers greater than 1 that are not prime, meaning they have more than two distinct positive divisors.
Correct Answer:
B
— They are greater than 1.
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Q. Which of the following is a characteristic of exponential functions?
A.
They have a constant rate of change.
B.
They grow or decay at a constant percentage rate.
C.
They are always positive.
D.
They can be represented by a straight line.
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Solution
Exponential functions grow or decay at a constant percentage rate, which is a defining characteristic.
Correct Answer:
B
— They grow or decay at a constant percentage rate.
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Q. Which of the following is a characteristic of harmonic progression?
A.
The terms are always increasing.
B.
The terms can be expressed as fractions.
C.
The terms are always integers.
D.
The common ratio is constant.
Show solution
Solution
Harmonic progression can include fractions, as it is defined through the reciprocals of an arithmetic progression.
Correct Answer:
B
— The terms can be expressed as fractions.
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Q. Which of the following is a characteristic of harmonic progressions?
A.
They can only contain positive numbers.
B.
They can be represented graphically as a straight line.
C.
The difference between consecutive terms is constant.
D.
The sum of the first n terms can be calculated easily.
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Solution
Harmonic progressions can contain negative numbers, but the terms themselves must be positive to maintain the definition of harmonic sequences.
Correct Answer:
A
— They can only contain positive numbers.
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Q. Which of the following is a characteristic of irrational numbers?
A.
They can be expressed as a fraction.
B.
They have a non-repeating, non-terminating decimal expansion.
C.
They are always positive.
D.
They can be represented on a number line as whole numbers.
Show solution
Solution
Irrational numbers are characterized by their non-repeating, non-terminating decimal expansion, distinguishing them from rational numbers.
Correct Answer:
B
— They have a non-repeating, non-terminating decimal expansion.
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Q. Which of the following is a characteristic of numbers divisible by 7?
A.
They end in 0 or 5
B.
The double of the last digit subtracted from the rest of the number is divisible by 7
C.
They are always even
D.
They are always prime
Show solution
Solution
A common rule for checking divisibility by 7 is to double the last digit and subtract it from the rest of the number; if the result is divisible by 7, then the original number is also divisible by 7.
Correct Answer:
B
— The double of the last digit subtracted from the rest of the number is divisible by 7
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Q. Which of the following is a characteristic of the decimal system?
A.
It is a base-10 system.
B.
It uses only odd numbers.
C.
It is not used in everyday calculations.
D.
It is less efficient than the binary system.
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Solution
The decimal system is a base-10 system, which is widely used in everyday calculations.
Correct Answer:
A
— It is a base-10 system.
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