Coherence refers to the constant phase relationship between waves, which is essential for producing stable interference patterns.

Condoms are used to prevent both pregnancy and the transmission of sexually transmitted infections (STIs).

Context clues are hints within the text that help readers infer the meanings of unfamiliar words.

Cyclins are proteins that regulate the progression of the cell cycle by activating cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs).

Decomposers play the role of nutrient recyclers by breaking down dead organic matter and returning nutrients to the soil.

Dietary fiber aids digestion by promoting regular bowel movements and preventing constipation.

DNA ligase is an enzyme that joins DNA fragments together, which is crucial for creating recombinant DNA molecules.

DNA polymerase is an enzyme that synthesizes new DNA strands during replication.

Doping introduces additional charge carriers (electrons or holes) into the semiconductor, enhancing its conductivity.

Emulsifiers help to stabilize mixtures of oil and water in food products.

Enzymes act as catalysts that decrease the activation energy required for biochemical reactions.

Enzymes act as catalysts that lower the activation energy required for biochemical reactions, thus speeding them up.

Enzymes are proteins that act as catalysts, speeding up biochemical reactions without being consumed in the process.

Enzymes act as catalysts that speed up chemical reactions in the body, facilitating various metabolic processes.

Fossils provide crucial evidence of past life forms and their changes over time, helping scientists understand the process of evolution and the history of life on Earth.

Genetic drift is a mechanism of evolution that leads to random changes in allele frequencies in a population, particularly in small populations.

GMOs are engineered to enhance resistance to pests, thereby increasing crop yield.

GMOs are designed to enhance food quality, safety, and reduce waste, thus all options are correct.

Glucagon is a hormone produced by the pancreas that raises blood sugar levels by promoting the conversion of glycogen to glucose in the liver.

Helicase unwinds the DNA double helix during DNA replication.

Hemoglobin in red blood cells binds to oxygen in the lungs and transports it to tissues throughout the body.

Histamines are chemicals that play a key role in allergic reactions.

Iron is essential for chlorophyll synthesis and plays a role in various enzymatic reactions.

Keystone species have a disproportionately large impact on their environment, affecting many other organisms in the ecosystem.

Lactobacillus is a type of probiotic that helps maintain gut health by balancing the intestinal flora.

MnO4⁻ acts as an oxidizing agent in acidic medium, as it gains electrons and is reduced.

Moderators are used in nuclear reactors to slow down fast neutrons, making them more likely to induce fission in the fuel.

Mutations provide genetic variation, which is essential for evolution as it introduces new traits that may be subject to natural selection.

NADP+ acts as an electron carrier, becoming reduced to NADPH during the light-dependent reactions.

Neurotransmitters are chemicals that transmit signals across the synapse from one neuron to another.