For a sinusoidal AC waveform, the RMS value is related to the average value by RMS = Average / √2.

The kinetic energy of gas molecules is directly proportional to the square of the RMS speed, as KE = (1/2)mv_rms^2.

RMS speed is inversely proportional to the square root of molecular weight.

The relationship is given by G = E / (2(1 + ν)), where ν is Poisson's ratio.

The shear modulus (G) is related to Young's modulus (E) and Poisson's ratio (ν) by the formula G = E/2(1 + ν).

Shear modulus is generally less than Young's modulus for most materials.

In a Newtonian fluid, shear stress is directly proportional to shear rate.

In a Newtonian fluid, shear stress is directly proportional to shear rate, which defines its viscosity.

The relationship between shear stress and shear strain is defined by the shear modulus.

Within the elastic limit, stress is directly proportional to strain, as described by Hooke's Law.

In the elastic region, stress is directly proportional to strain, as described by Hooke's Law.

Surface tension is inversely proportional to temperature for most liquids.

Due to surface tension, liquid droplets tend to minimize their surface area, resulting in a spherical shape.

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The kinetic energy of gas molecules is directly proportional to the temperature.

The average kinetic energy of particles in a substance is directly proportional to its temperature.

The temperature of a substance is directly proportional to the average kinetic energy of its particles.

The kinetic energy of gas molecules is directly proportional to the temperature of the gas.

The rate of a chemical reaction generally increases with an increase in temperature due to higher kinetic energy.

For most liquids, viscosity decreases with an increase in temperature due to increased molecular motion.

In general, the viscosity of liquids decreases with an increase in temperature, making them flow more easily.

The amplitude of a damped oscillator decreases exponentially with time.

The loudness of a sound is directly proportional to the amplitude of the sound wave.

The angle of diffraction is inversely proportional to the wavelength; as the wavelength increases, the angle of diffraction increases.

The angle of incidence and angle of diffraction are related by the grating equation d sin(θ) = mλ.

At the angle of polarization, the angle of incidence is equal to the angle of refraction.

In total internal reflection, the angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection.

When a transversal intersects two parallel lines, alternate angles are equal.

The angles formed by two intersecting chords are supplementary.

When two lines intersect, the angles formed are supplementary, meaning they add up to 180 degrees.