The half-life of a first-order reaction is given by the formula t1/2 = 0.693/k, which shows that it is independent of the initial concentration.

The half-life of a first-order reaction is given by the formula t1/2 = 0.693/k, where k is the rate constant.

The half-life of a first-order reaction is given by t₁/₂ = 0.693/k.

The half-life of a first-order reaction is given by t₁/₂ = 0.693/k.

The half-life of a first-order reaction is independent of the initial concentration.

The half-life of a first-order reaction is independent of the initial concentration.

Natural selection is not a condition for Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium; it actually disrupts genetic equilibrium by favoring certain alleles over others.

The heat capacity at constant volume (Cv) is directly related to the change in internal energy of the system.

The heat capacity at constant volume (Cv) is defined as the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of a substance by 1°C at constant volume.

The heat capacity at constant volume (C_v) is defined as the amount of heat added to the system divided by the change in temperature at constant volume.

The heat capacity of a substance is defined as the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of one mole of the substance by one degree Celsius.

When the object is placed between the focal point and the mirror, the image formed is virtual and erect.

The impedance (Z) of an RLC circuit is given by Z = √(R² + (X_L - X_C)²), where X_L is the inductive reactance and X_C is the capacitive reactance.

The impedance (Z) of an RLC circuit is minimum when the inductive reactance (X_L) equals the capacitive reactance (X_C), which is the condition for resonance.

The Langmuir isotherm assumes that adsorption occurs at specific sites, leading to a monolayer coverage of the adsorbate.

In the Langmuir isotherm, the maximum coverage of adsorbate on the adsorbent is referred to as a monolayer.

Boyle's Law states that the pressure of a gas is inversely proportional to its volume at constant temperature.

Charles's Law states that the volume of a gas is directly proportional to its absolute temperature at constant pressure.

The magnetic field (B) at a distance r from a straight current-carrying conductor is given by B = μ₀I/2πr.

The magnetic field (B) due to a straight current-carrying conductor at a distance r is given by B = μ₀I/(2πr).

The magnetic field (B) around a straight current-carrying conductor is inversely proportional to the distance (r) from the wire, given by B ∝ 1/r.

The magnetic field (B) inside a long solenoid is given by B = μ₀nI, where n is the number of turns per unit length and I is the current.

The magnetic field lines around a straight current-carrying conductor form concentric circles centered around the wire.

The magnetic field lines around a straight current-carrying conductor form concentric circles centered around the wire.

The magnetic field lines inside a bar magnet are directed from the North pole to the South pole.

The maximum displacement is defined as the amplitude.

The maximum displacement from the rest position is defined as the amplitude of the wave.

Maximum speed (v_max) = ωA => ω = v_max / A = 4 m/s / 2 m = 2 rad/s.

The stigma is the part of the pistil that receives pollen during fertilization.

Electromagnetic induction was discovered by Michael Faraday.