The equilibrium constant K is only affected by temperature. Changes in concentration or pressure will shift the position of equilibrium but not change the value of K.

The equilibrium constant K is only affected by temperature. Changes in concentration or pressure will shift the position of equilibrium but not change the value of K.

The equilibrium constant is only affected by temperature; changes in concentration or pressure do not affect it.

While temperature, pressure, and concentration of reactants affect Gibbs Free Energy, the nature of the solvent does not directly affect ΔG.

A catalyst speeds up the rate of reaching equilibrium but does not affect the position of the equilibrium itself.

The color of the gas does not affect its pressure; pressure is affected by volume, temperature, and number of moles.

The color of the reactants does not affect the rate of a chemical reaction.

The color of the adsorbent does not affect the rate of adsorption.

The volume of the container does not affect the rate of diffusion of a gas; it is primarily affected by molar mass, temperature, and pressure.

The volume of solvent does not directly affect the solubility of a gas; pressure and temperature do.

Surface area does not significantly affect the vapor pressure of a liquid.

Raoult's Law states that the vapor pressure is affected by the nature of the solute, temperature, and mole fraction of the solvent, but not by the pressure of the system.

Surface area does not significantly affect the viscosity of a liquid.

Helium (He) behaves most ideally under standard conditions due to its low intermolecular forces.

CO2 has the highest density at STP among the given gases.

According to Graham's law, lighter gases diffuse faster; H2 has the lowest molar mass.

Helium (He) behaves most ideally due to its small size and weak intermolecular forces.

CO2 is more soluble in water compared to O2, N2, and H2 due to its ability to form carbonic acid.

Carbon Dioxide is a major greenhouse gas that traps heat in the atmosphere, contributing to global warming.

Hydrogen gas is produced when aluminum reacts with hydrochloric acid.

According to Graham's law of effusion, lighter gases diffuse faster; hence, He will diffuse the fastest.

According to Graham's law of effusion, lighter gases diffuse faster; H2 has the lowest molar mass and will diffuse the fastest.

According to Graham's law, lighter gases diffuse faster. H2 has the lowest molar mass.

Hydrogen (H2) has the lowest molar mass and thus the highest rate of diffusion according to Graham's law.

The -NO2 group is a strong electron-withdrawing group that exhibits a -I effect.

The -OH group exhibits a strong +M effect due to its ability to donate electron density through resonance.

The –NO2 group is a strong electron-withdrawing group and exhibits a strong -I effect.

-F exhibits a -I effect as it withdraws electron density from the rest of the molecule.

The -NH2 group has a +M effect due to resonance donation and a -I effect due to its electronegativity.

-F has the strongest -I effect due to its high electronegativity.