Change in internal energy (ΔU) = Q - W = -200 J - 500 J = -300 J.

In an isochoric process, the volume remains constant, and any heat added to the system increases the internal energy of the gas.

In an isothermal process for an ideal gas, the internal energy remains constant, hence the change in internal energy is zero.

At constant volume, the change in internal energy (ΔU) is equal to the heat added (Q). Therefore, ΔU = Q.

In the conversion of glucose to ethanol, the oxidation state of carbon decreases, indicating a reduction of -1.

The oxidation state of carbon changes from -4 in CH4 to +4 in CO2.

Manganese changes from +7 in MnO4- to +2 in Mn2+, indicating a reduction.

The characteristic polynomial is det(A - λI) = det([[1-λ, 2], [3, 4-λ]]) = (1-λ)(4-λ) - 6 = λ^2 - 5λ + 2.

The characteristic polynomial is given by det(A - λI) = det([[2-λ, 1], [1, 2-λ]]) = (2-λ)(2-λ) - 1 = λ^2 - 3λ + 3.

The characteristic polynomial is det(E - λI) = det([[2-λ, 1], [1, 2-λ]]) = (2-λ)(2-λ) - 1 = λ^2 - 3λ + 1.

The characteristic polynomial is given by det(G - λI) = det([[2-λ, 1], [1, 2-λ]]) = (2-λ)(2-λ) - 1 = λ^2 - 3λ + 3.

A neutron has no charge; it is electrically neutral.

A proton carries a positive charge of +1 elementary charge.

1 coulomb is the charge that passes through a conductor when a current of 1 ampere flows for 1 second.

One coulomb is equivalent to approximately 6.25 x 10^18 electrons.

One coulomb is equivalent to approximately 6.25 x 10^18 electrons.

The chemical formula for sodium bicarbonate is NaHCO3.

The chemical formula for sodium chloride is NaCl.

The chemical formula for sodium hydroxide is NaOH.

The correct chemical formula for sodium sulfate is Na2SO4.

The chemical formula for sulfuric acid is H2SO4, which consists of two hydrogen atoms, one sulfur atom, and four oxygen atoms.

Table salt is chemically known as sodium chloride, which has the formula NaCl.

Strontium forms a compound with chlorine as SrCl2, where strontium has a +2 charge and chlorine has a -1 charge.

The chemical formula for water is H2O.

The chemical symbol for water is H2O, which indicates it is composed of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom.

The circumference C of a circle is given by C = π * diameter. Here, C = π * 14 cm ≈ 3.14 * 14 ≈ 44 cm.

Circumference = 2 * π * radius = 2 * π * 7 = 14π cm

For a right triangle, the circumradius R = hypotenuse/2 = 5/2 = 2.5 cm.

For a right triangle, the circumradius R = hypotenuse/2 = 13/2 = 6.5.

Circumradius R = (abc)/(4K), where K is the area. Area K = 24 (using Heron's formula). R = (6*8*10)/(4*24) = 5.