The magnetic field inside a long, ideal solenoid is uniform and parallel to the axis of the solenoid.

The magnetic field inside an ideal solenoid is given by B = μ₀nI, where n is the number of turns per unit length.

The magnetic field inside a long, ideal solenoid is uniform and parallel.

The magnetic field inside a long, straight solenoid is given by B = μ₀nI, where n is the number of turns per unit length and μ₀ is the permeability of free space.

The magnetic field inside a long, straight solenoid is uniform and parallel to the axis of the solenoid, given by B = μ₀nI, where n is the number of turns per unit length.

The magnetic field inside a long solenoid is given by B = μ₀nI.

The magnetic field inside a toroidal solenoid is uniform and non-zero, and it is given by B = (μ₀NI)/(2πr), where N is the number of turns, I is the current, and r is the distance from the center.

The magnetic field strength (B) at a distance 'r' from a long straight conductor is given by the formula B = μ₀I/2πr.

The magnetic field at the center of a circular loop is given by B = (μ₀ * I) / (2 * R). Using μ₀ = 4π x 10^-7 Tm/A, B = (4π x 10^-7 * 5) / (2 * 0.1) = 0.1 T.

The magnetic field (B) at the center of a circular loop is given by B = (μ₀ * I) / (2 * R). Using μ₀ = 4π x 10^-7 Tm/A, B = (4π x 10^-7 * 3) / (2 * 0.1) = 0.1 T.

The magnetic field at the center of a circular loop is given by B = (μ0I)/(2r).

The magnetic field at the center of a square loop is given by B = (μ₀I)/(√2a).

The magnetic moment (μ) of a circular loop is given by μ = I × A, where A is the area of the loop. For a circular loop, A = πr², thus μ = I × πr² = πr²I.

The magnetic quantum number (m_l) for a 3d orbital can be -2, -1, 0, 1, or 2.

Magnification m = -v/u = -(-10)/20 = 0.5.

Using the lens formula and magnification formula, we find the magnification m = -v/u = -1.

Magnification (m) = -v/u. Here, v = -5 cm and u = -10 cm, so m = -(-5)/(-10) = 2.

Magnification (m) = -v/u = -(-5)/(-15) = 1/3. Therefore, the magnification is 3.

Using the mirror formula, 1/f = 1/v + 1/u, we find v = -7.5 cm. Magnification (m) = -v/u = 7.5/15 = 0.5.

When the object is placed at the focus of a concave mirror, the image is formed at infinity, leading to infinite magnification.

Magnification (m) = v/u. For an object at 2f, the image distance v = 2f, so m = 2f/(2f) = 1.

Magnification (m) = image distance/object distance = 45/15 = 3.

Magnification (m) = image distance/object distance = 30/15 = 2.

Magnification (m) = -v/u = -10/20 = 0.5, but since we consider absolute value, m = 2.

Magnification (m) = -v/u = -50/25 = -2. The absolute value indicates the image is twice the size of the object.

Magnitude = √(2^2 + (-3)^2 + 6^2) = √(4 + 9 + 36) = √49 = 7.

Magnitude = √(3^2 + 4^2) = √(9 + 16) = √25 = 5

Magnitude |C| = √(6^2 + 8^2 + 10^2) = √(36 + 64 + 100) = √200 = 10√2.

Magnitude |C| = √(5^2 + (-12)^2) = √(25 + 144) = √169 = 13.

Magnitude of v = √(3^2 + (-4)^2) = √(9 + 16) = √25 = 5.