NaCl is primarily held together by ionic bonds formed between sodium and chloride ions.

Acetic acid is used as a flavoring agent, preservative, and pH adjuster in various food products.

Aluminum is used in various applications including electrical wiring, construction materials, and aerospace due to its lightweight and corrosion-resistant properties.

Calcium carbonate is primarily used in cement production as a key ingredient in the manufacturing of concrete.

Hydrochloric acid is used to control pH levels in food processing, ensuring safety and quality.

Hydrogen is primarily used in the Haber process for the production of ammonia (NH3).

The Haber process uses hydrogen to synthesize ammonia (NH3) from nitrogen and hydrogen gas.

Hydrogen is primarily used in the Haber process for the production of ammonia, which is a key component in fertilizers.

Hydrogen is used as a reactant in the synthesis of hydrochloric acid when it reacts with chlorine.

Phosphoric acid is primarily used as an acidulant in soft drinks to provide a tangy flavor and balance sweetness.

Sodium bicarbonate, or baking soda, is primarily used as a leavening agent in baking.

Zinc is primarily used in galvanization to protect iron and steel from corrosion.

The reaction between a strong acid and a strong base produces both salt and water.

The reaction between an acid and a base produces salt and water, known as a neutralization reaction.

The reaction between an acid and a carbonate produces a salt, water, and carbon dioxide.

A buffer solution maintains pH stability by resisting changes in pH upon the addition of small amounts of acid or base.

A ligand is a molecule or ion that donates electron pairs to a metal ion to form a coordination complex.

Citric acid acts as a pH regulator, helping to preserve food by creating an acidic environment that inhibits microbial growth.

In fuel cells, hydrogen reacts with oxygen to produce electricity, water, and heat, making it a clean energy source.

Hydrogen can act as both an oxidizing agent and a reducing agent in various redox reactions.

In hydrogenation, hydrogen acts as a reducing agent, adding hydrogen to unsaturated organic compounds.

Hydrogen is a reactant in the synthesis of methanol, where it reacts with carbon monoxide.

The standard enthalpy change for the formation of water (H2 + 0.5 O2 -> H2O) is -285.8 kJ/mol.

The standard reduction potential for the half-reaction H2 → 2H+ + 2e- is defined as 0.00 V.

Ionization energy generally increases across a period due to increasing nuclear charge.

Ionization energy generally increases across a period due to increasing nuclear charge.

Metallic character decreases as you move from left to right across a period.

Atomic radius decreases across a period due to increasing nuclear charge attracting electrons closer.

Atomic radius increases down a group due to the addition of electron shells.

HCl is formed by a covalent bond between hydrogen and chlorine, where they share electrons.