At constant volume, the change in internal energy (ΔU) is equal to the heat added (Q). Therefore, ΔU = Q.

In the conversion of glucose to ethanol, the oxidation state of carbon decreases, indicating a reduction of -1.

The oxidation state of carbon changes from -4 in CH4 to +4 in CO2.

Manganese changes from +7 in MnO4- to +2 in Mn2+, indicating a reduction.

The characteristic polynomial is det(A - λI) = det([[1-λ, 2], [3, 4-λ]]) = (1-λ)(4-λ) - 6 = λ^2 - 5λ + 2.

The characteristic polynomial is given by det(A - λI) = det([[2-λ, 1], [1, 2-λ]]) = (2-λ)(2-λ) - 1 = λ^2 - 3λ + 3.

The characteristic polynomial is det(E - λI) = det([[2-λ, 1], [1, 2-λ]]) = (2-λ)(2-λ) - 1 = λ^2 - 3λ + 1.

The characteristic polynomial is given by det(G - λI) = det([[2-λ, 1], [1, 2-λ]]) = (2-λ)(2-λ) - 1 = λ^2 - 3λ + 3.

A neutron has no charge; it is electrically neutral.

A proton carries a positive charge of +1 elementary charge.

1 coulomb is the charge that passes through a conductor when a current of 1 ampere flows for 1 second.

One coulomb is equivalent to approximately 6.25 x 10^18 electrons.

One coulomb is equivalent to approximately 6.25 x 10^18 electrons.

The chemical formula for sodium bicarbonate is NaHCO3.

The chemical formula for sodium chloride is NaCl.

The chemical formula for sodium hydroxide is NaOH.

The chemical formula for sulfuric acid is H2SO4, which consists of two hydrogen atoms, one sulfur atom, and four oxygen atoms.

Table salt is chemically known as sodium chloride, which has the formula NaCl.

Strontium forms a compound with chlorine as SrCl2, where strontium has a +2 charge and chlorine has a -1 charge.

The chemical formula for water is H2O.

The chemical symbol for water is H2O, which indicates it is composed of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom.

The circumference C of a circle is given by C = π * diameter. Here, C = π * 14 cm ≈ 3.14 * 14 ≈ 44 cm.

Circumference = 2 * π * radius = 2 * π * 7 = 14π cm

For a right triangle, the circumradius R = hypotenuse/2 = 5/2 = 2.5 cm.

For a right triangle, the circumradius R = hypotenuse/2 = 13/2 = 6.5.

Circumradius R = (abc)/(4K), where K is the area. Area K = 24 (using Heron's formula). R = (6*8*10)/(4*24) = 5.

The circumradius R of a triangle can be calculated using the formula R = (abc)/(4 * Area). Here, Area = 84 cm², so R = (7 * 24 * 25)/(4 * 84) = 13.

The circumradius R of an equilateral triangle is given by R = a/(√3).

R = (abc) / (4 * Area). Area = 84, R = (7 * 24 * 25) / (4 * 84) = 12.

The circumradius R of a triangle is given by the formula R = abc/(4A), where A is the area of the triangle.