Q. What is the central theme of the passage regarding the benefits of meditation?
A.
Meditation is a waste of time.
B.
Meditation improves mental health and well-being.
C.
Meditation is only beneficial for spiritual growth.
D.
Meditation has no scientific backing.
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Solution
The passage discusses various benefits of meditation, particularly its positive effects on mental health and overall well-being.
Correct Answer:
B
— Meditation improves mental health and well-being.
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Q. What is the central theme of the passage regarding the importance of biodiversity? (2020)
A.
Biodiversity is essential for ecosystem stability.
B.
Biodiversity is only important for aesthetic reasons.
C.
Biodiversity has no impact on human health.
D.
Biodiversity is a concern only for developing countries.
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Solution
The passage discusses how biodiversity contributes to ecosystem resilience and human well-being.
Correct Answer:
A
— Biodiversity is essential for ecosystem stability.
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Q. What is the central theme of the passage regarding the importance of mental health awareness? (2020)
A.
Mental health issues are often exaggerated.
B.
Awareness can lead to better treatment and support.
C.
Mental health is less important than physical health.
D.
Only professionals can address mental health concerns.
Show solution
Solution
The passage emphasizes that increasing awareness about mental health can lead to better understanding, treatment, and support for those affected.
Correct Answer:
B
— Awareness can lead to better treatment and support.
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Q. What is the central theme of the passage regarding the role of education in society?
A.
Education is solely for acquiring job skills.
B.
Education fosters critical thinking and civic responsibility.
C.
Education should be privatized for better quality.
D.
Education is less important in the digital age.
Show solution
Solution
The passage emphasizes that education plays a crucial role in developing critical thinking and fostering responsible citizenship.
Correct Answer:
B
— Education fosters critical thinking and civic responsibility.
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Q. What is the central theme of the passage regarding urbanization?
A.
Urbanization leads to economic decline.
B.
Urbanization has no impact on rural areas.
C.
Urbanization presents both challenges and opportunities.
D.
Urbanization is a recent phenomenon.
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Solution
The passage discusses how urbanization brings about various challenges, such as overcrowding, while also offering opportunities for economic growth.
Correct Answer:
C
— Urbanization presents both challenges and opportunities.
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Q. What is the central theme of the text regarding the role of technology in education? (2021)
A.
Technology has made education more accessible and engaging.
B.
Technology is detrimental to traditional teaching methods.
C.
Technology should be avoided in educational settings.
D.
Technology only benefits students in urban areas.
Show solution
Solution
The text emphasizes the positive impact of technology in enhancing educational experiences and accessibility for students.
Correct Answer:
A
— Technology has made education more accessible and engaging.
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Q. What is the change in enthalpy for an endothermic reaction?
A.
Negative
B.
Positive
C.
Zero
D.
Undefined
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Solution
In an endothermic reaction, heat is absorbed from the surroundings, resulting in a positive change in enthalpy.
Correct Answer:
B
— Positive
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Q. What is the change in enthalpy for an exothermic reaction?
A.
Positive
B.
Negative
C.
Zero
D.
Undefined
Show solution
Solution
In an exothermic reaction, heat is released, resulting in a negative change in enthalpy.
Correct Answer:
B
— Negative
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Q. What is the change in enthalpy for an isothermal process?
A.
Zero
B.
Positive
C.
Negative
D.
Depends on the system
Show solution
Solution
In an isothermal process, the temperature remains constant, and for an ideal gas, the change in enthalpy is zero.
Correct Answer:
A
— Zero
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Q. What is the change in entropy when 1 kg of water at 100°C is converted to steam at 100°C? (Latent heat of vaporization = 2260 kJ/kg) (2021)
A.
2260 J/K
B.
2260 kJ/K
C.
0 J/K
D.
1130 J/K
Show solution
Solution
ΔS = Q/T = 2260 kJ / 373 K = 6.06 kJ/K.
Correct Answer:
A
— 2260 J/K
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Q. What is the change in entropy when 1 mole of an ideal gas expands isothermally and reversibly from volume V1 to V2?
A.
R ln(V2/V1)
B.
R (V2 - V1)
C.
R (V1/V2)
D.
0
Show solution
Solution
The change in entropy for an isothermal and reversible expansion of an ideal gas is given by ΔS = nR ln(V2/V1). For 1 mole, n = 1, hence ΔS = R ln(V2/V1).
Correct Answer:
A
— R ln(V2/V1)
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Q. What is the change in entropy when 1 mole of an ideal gas expands isothermally from volume V1 to V2?
A.
R ln(V2/V1)
B.
R (V2 - V1)
C.
R (V1/V2)
D.
0
Show solution
Solution
The change in entropy for an isothermal expansion of an ideal gas is given by ΔS = nR ln(V2/V1). For 1 mole, it simplifies to ΔS = R ln(V2/V1).
Correct Answer:
A
— R ln(V2/V1)
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Q. What is the change in internal energy (ΔU) for an ideal gas during an isothermal process? (2021)
A.
ΔU = 0
B.
ΔU = nRT
C.
ΔU = -nRT
D.
ΔU = PV
Show solution
Solution
In an isothermal process for an ideal gas, the temperature remains constant, which means the internal energy does not change. Therefore, ΔU = 0.
Correct Answer:
A
— ΔU = 0
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Q. What is the change in internal energy (ΔU) for an ideal gas in an isochoric process?
A.
ΔU = Q
B.
ΔU = W
C.
ΔU = 0
D.
ΔU = Q - W
Show solution
Solution
In an isochoric process, the change in internal energy is equal to the heat added to the system, ΔU = Q.
Correct Answer:
A
— ΔU = Q
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Q. What is the change in internal energy (ΔU) for an ideal gas that expands isothermally? (2022)
A.
0
B.
nRT
C.
nRΔT
D.
PV
Show solution
Solution
For an isothermal process, the change in internal energy ΔU = 0 for an ideal gas.
Correct Answer:
A
— 0
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Q. What is the change in internal energy (ΔU) for an ideal gas undergoing an isothermal process? (2021)
A.
ΔU = 0
B.
ΔU = Q
C.
ΔU = W
D.
ΔU = Q + W
Show solution
Solution
In an isothermal process for an ideal gas, the temperature remains constant, which means the internal energy does not change. Therefore, ΔU = 0.
Correct Answer:
A
— ΔU = 0
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Q. What is the change in internal energy (ΔU) for an isothermal process for an ideal gas? (2021)
A.
ΔU = 0
B.
ΔU = nRT
C.
ΔU = -nRT
D.
ΔU = PV
Show solution
Solution
In an isothermal process for an ideal gas, the temperature remains constant, which means the internal energy does not change. Therefore, ΔU = 0.
Correct Answer:
A
— ΔU = 0
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Q. What is the change in internal energy (ΔU) for an isothermal process of an ideal gas? (2021)
A.
ΔU = 0
B.
ΔU = nRT
C.
ΔU = -nRT
D.
ΔU = PV
Show solution
Solution
In an isothermal process for an ideal gas, the temperature remains constant, which means the internal energy does not change. Therefore, ΔU = 0.
Correct Answer:
A
— ΔU = 0
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Q. What is the change in internal energy for an ideal gas during an isochoric process?
A.
Zero
B.
nRΔT
C.
Q
D.
W
Show solution
Solution
In an isochoric process, the change in internal energy is equal to the heat added to the system, ΔU = Q.
Correct Answer:
C
— Q
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Q. What is the change in internal energy for an ideal gas that expands isothermally? (2019)
A.
nRT
B.
0
C.
-nRT
D.
nR(Tf - Ti)
Show solution
Solution
For an isothermal process, the change in internal energy (ΔU) for an ideal gas is zero, as ΔU depends only on temperature.
Correct Answer:
B
— 0
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Q. What is the change in internal energy for an ideal gas undergoing an isochoric process?
A.
Zero
B.
Equal to the heat added
C.
Equal to the work done
D.
Equal to the change in temperature
Show solution
Solution
In an isochoric process, the volume remains constant, and the change in internal energy is equal to the heat added to the system.
Correct Answer:
B
— Equal to the heat added
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Q. What is the change in internal energy of 1 mole of an ideal gas when it is heated at constant volume from 300 K to 600 K?
A.
0 J
B.
300 J
C.
600 J
D.
900 J
Show solution
Solution
ΔU = nCvΔT. For a monatomic gas, Cv = (3/2)R. ΔU = 1 * (3/2)(8.31 J/mol K)(600 - 300) = 900 J.
Correct Answer:
D
— 900 J
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Q. What is the change in internal energy of a gas that absorbs 300 J of heat and does 100 J of work on the surroundings? (2020)
A.
200 J
B.
300 J
C.
400 J
D.
500 J
Show solution
Solution
Change in internal energy (ΔU) = Q - W = 300 J - 100 J = 200 J.
Correct Answer:
A
— 200 J
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Q. What is the change in internal energy of a gas that absorbs 500 J of heat and does 200 J of work? (2022)
A.
300 J
B.
500 J
C.
700 J
D.
1000 J
Show solution
Solution
Using the first law of thermodynamics: ΔU = Q - W = 500 J - 200 J = 300 J.
Correct Answer:
A
— 300 J
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Q. What is the change in internal energy of a gas that absorbs 500 J of heat and does 200 J of work on the surroundings? (2023)
A.
300 J
B.
500 J
C.
700 J
D.
900 J
Show solution
Solution
ΔU = Q - W = 500 J - 200 J = 300 J.
Correct Answer:
A
— 300 J
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Q. What is the change in internal energy of a system if 200 J of heat is added and 50 J of work is done by the system?
A.
150 J
B.
250 J
C.
200 J
D.
100 J
Show solution
Solution
Using the first law of thermodynamics, ΔU = Q - W = 200 J - 50 J = 150 J.
Correct Answer:
A
— 150 J
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Q. What is the change in internal energy of a system if 300 J of heat is added and 100 J of work is done by the system? (2021)
A.
200 J
B.
300 J
C.
400 J
D.
500 J
Show solution
Solution
Using the first law of thermodynamics: ΔU = Q - W = 300 J - 100 J = 200 J.
Correct Answer:
A
— 200 J
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Q. What is the change in internal energy of a system if 500 J of work is done on it and 200 J of heat is lost? (2023)
A.
300 J
B.
500 J
C.
700 J
D.
900 J
Show solution
Solution
Change in internal energy (ΔU) = Q - W = -200 J - 500 J = -300 J.
Correct Answer:
A
— 300 J
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Q. What is the change in internal energy of an ideal gas during an isochoric process?
A.
Increases
B.
Decreases
C.
Remains constant
D.
Depends on the amount of gas
Show solution
Solution
In an isochoric process, the volume remains constant, and any heat added to the system increases the internal energy of the gas.
Correct Answer:
A
— Increases
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Q. What is the change in internal energy of an ideal gas when it expands isothermally? (2021)
A.
Zero
B.
Positive
C.
Negative
D.
Depends on the gas
Show solution
Solution
In an isothermal process for an ideal gas, the internal energy remains constant, hence the change in internal energy is zero.
Correct Answer:
A
— Zero
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