The phenomenon of liquid rising in a narrow tube is called capillarity.

Surface tension arises from cohesive forces between liquid molecules.

The context of philosophical discussions often revolves around inner fulfillment, making option 1 the best fit.

Utilitarianism is most closely associated with John Stuart Mill, who expanded on Jeremy Bentham's ideas about maximizing happiness.

The 'Allegory of the Cave' is found in 'The Republic', illustrating the difference between the world of appearances and the world of reality.

'Tabula Rasa' is the theory that individuals are born as blank slates, with knowledge and personality shaped by experience.

A 'double-edged sword' implies that something has both positive and negative consequences, which aligns with the discussion in the passage.

The phrase 'a double-edged sword' indicates that the author acknowledges both the benefits and drawbacks of the topic.

A 'double-edged sword' implies that something can have both beneficial and harmful consequences.

'In the limelight' means to be in a position of public attention or prominence.

'In the wake of' means following or as a result of something, indicating that the events discussed happened after a particular occurrence.

'In the wake of' refers to events that occur as a result of something else, typically after it.

'In the wake of' indicates that something happens as a result of or following an event.

'Inextricably linked' means that two concepts are so closely connected that they cannot be separated, which is the intended meaning in the passage.

The phrase implies the necessity of staying current with technological advancements, thus option 1 is correct.

The phrase suggests an idealized vision where technology is seen as a panacea for societal issues, which is often critiqued in discussions.

To 'take with a grain of salt' means to view something with skepticism or not to take it literally.

This idiom means to view something with skepticism or not to take it too seriously.

'To throw in the towel' is an idiom that means to give up or admit defeat.

Liberalism played a crucial role in the planning and execution of the French Revolution, advocating for individual rights and democratic governance.

The Indus Valley Civilization is known for its advanced urban planning, including complex irrigation systems that supported agriculture.

The Roman Empire's extensive road network was primarily designed to facilitate military mobilization, allowing for quick movement of troops across the empire.

Population increase = 500000 * 0.04 = 20000. New population = 500000 + 20000 = 520000.

Population in 5 years = 50 million + (2 million * 5) = 50 million + 10 million = 60 million.

Population after 1 year = 20000 * 1.10 = 22000. Population after 2 years = 22000 * 1.10 = 24200.

The Maurya Empire implemented policies to increase agricultural productivity, which in turn supported a larger labor force and population growth.

The potential energy U of a system of two point charges is given by U = k * q1 * q2 / r.

The potential energy (U) stored in a capacitor is given by U = 1/2 CV^2, which shows it is directly proportional to both charge and voltage.

The potential energy (U) stored in a capacitor is given by U = 1/2 CV^2.

The power factor is defined as the ratio of real power to apparent power.