Q. What is the role of a semantic analyzer in the context of intermediate code generation?
A.
To check for syntax errors
B.
To generate machine code
C.
To ensure type correctness and gather type information
D.
To optimize the intermediate code
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Solution
The semantic analyzer checks for type correctness and gathers type information, which is crucial for generating valid intermediate code.
Correct Answer:
C
— To ensure type correctness and gather type information
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Q. What is the role of a symbol table in a compiler?
A.
To store the intermediate code
B.
To keep track of variable names and their attributes
C.
To optimize the code
D.
To perform lexical analysis
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Solution
The symbol table is used to store information about variable names, types, scopes, and other attributes during the compilation process.
Correct Answer:
B
— To keep track of variable names and their attributes
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Q. What is the role of a validation set in supervised learning?
A.
To train the model
B.
To test the model's performance on unseen data
C.
To tune hyperparameters and prevent overfitting
D.
To visualize data
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Solution
The validation set is used to tune hyperparameters and assess the model's performance during training, helping to prevent overfitting.
Correct Answer:
C
— To tune hyperparameters and prevent overfitting
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Q. What is the role of a web server in the context of HTTP?
A.
To store data
B.
To process requests and serve content
C.
To encrypt data
D.
To route traffic
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Solution
A web server processes HTTP requests and serves the requested content to clients.
Correct Answer:
B
— To process requests and serve content
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Q. What is the role of an API in model deployment?
A.
To train the model
B.
To provide a user interface
C.
To allow external applications to interact with the model
D.
To store the model
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Solution
An API allows external applications to interact with the deployed model, enabling them to send data and receive predictions.
Correct Answer:
C
— To allow external applications to interact with the model
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Q. What is the role of APIs in model deployment?
A.
To train the model
B.
To provide a user interface
C.
To allow external applications to interact with the model
D.
To store model data
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Solution
APIs (Application Programming Interfaces) allow external applications to interact with the deployed model, enabling predictions and data exchange.
Correct Answer:
C
— To allow external applications to interact with the model
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Q. What is the role of AutoML in cloud ML services?
A.
To automate data entry tasks
B.
To simplify the model training process
C.
To replace human data scientists entirely
D.
To provide manual coding tools
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Solution
AutoML simplifies the model training process by automating tasks such as feature selection and hyperparameter tuning.
Correct Answer:
B
— To simplify the model training process
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Q. What is the role of backpropagation in training neural networks?
A.
To initialize weights
B.
To update weights based on error
C.
To normalize input data
D.
To select features
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Solution
Backpropagation is an algorithm used to update the weights of the neural network based on the error calculated from the output.
Correct Answer:
B
— To update weights based on error
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Q. What is the role of clustering in bioinformatics?
A.
Predicting protein structures
B.
Grouping similar genes or proteins
C.
Classifying diseases
D.
Enhancing data visualization
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Solution
In bioinformatics, clustering is used to group similar genes or proteins based on their expression patterns.
Correct Answer:
B
— Grouping similar genes or proteins
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Q. What is the role of containerization in model deployment?
A.
To improve model accuracy
B.
To package the model and its dependencies for consistent deployment
C.
To reduce training time
D.
To visualize model performance
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Solution
Containerization helps package the model along with its dependencies, ensuring consistent deployment across different environments.
Correct Answer:
B
— To package the model and its dependencies for consistent deployment
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Q. What is the role of dropout in a CNN?
A.
To increase the number of neurons
B.
To prevent overfitting
C.
To enhance feature extraction
D.
To speed up training
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Solution
Dropout is a regularization technique used to prevent overfitting by randomly setting a fraction of input units to zero during training.
Correct Answer:
B
— To prevent overfitting
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Q. What is the role of dropout in neural networks?
A.
To increase the learning rate
B.
To prevent overfitting
C.
To enhance feature extraction
D.
To speed up training
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Solution
Dropout is a regularization technique used to prevent overfitting by randomly setting a fraction of input units to zero during training.
Correct Answer:
B
— To prevent overfitting
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Q. What is the role of feature engineering in MLOps?
A.
To improve model interpretability
B.
To enhance model performance
C.
To automate model training
D.
To reduce data size
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Solution
Feature engineering plays a crucial role in enhancing model performance by creating new features or modifying existing ones to better represent the underlying data.
Correct Answer:
B
— To enhance model performance
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Q. What is the role of feature importance in Random Forest?
A.
To determine the number of trees to use.
B.
To identify which features contribute most to the model's predictions.
C.
To select the best hyperparameters.
D.
To visualize the decision boundaries.
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Solution
Feature importance helps identify which features are most influential in making predictions, aiding in feature selection and model interpretation.
Correct Answer:
B
— To identify which features contribute most to the model's predictions.
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Q. What is the role of feature scaling in machine learning?
A.
To increase the number of features
B.
To ensure all features contribute equally to the model
C.
To reduce the size of the dataset
D.
To improve interpretability
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Solution
Feature scaling ensures that all features contribute equally to the model by standardizing or normalizing their values.
Correct Answer:
B
— To ensure all features contribute equally to the model
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Q. What is the role of hyperparameter tuning in model selection?
A.
To change the dataset
B.
To optimize model performance
C.
To reduce the number of features
D.
To visualize the model
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Solution
Hyperparameter tuning is crucial for optimizing model performance by finding the best set of parameters for the chosen algorithm.
Correct Answer:
B
— To optimize model performance
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Q. What is the role of monitoring in deployed machine learning models?
A.
To ensure the model is trained correctly
B.
To track model performance and detect issues
C.
To visualize model predictions
D.
To preprocess incoming data
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Solution
Monitoring is essential to track the performance of deployed models and detect any issues that may arise over time.
Correct Answer:
B
— To track model performance and detect issues
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Q. What is the role of monitoring in model deployment?
A.
To ensure the model is trained correctly
B.
To track model performance and detect issues
C.
To preprocess incoming data
D.
To visualize model outputs
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Solution
Monitoring is crucial in model deployment as it helps track model performance and detect any issues that may arise after deployment.
Correct Answer:
B
— To track model performance and detect issues
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Q. What is the role of regular expressions in lexical analysis?
A.
To define the grammar of the programming language
B.
To specify the syntax of the tokens
C.
To generate intermediate code
D.
To optimize the parsing process
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Solution
Regular expressions are used to specify the syntax of the tokens that the lexical analyzer recognizes.
Correct Answer:
B
— To specify the syntax of the tokens
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Q. What is the role of regularization in model selection?
A.
To increase the complexity of the model
B.
To prevent overfitting by penalizing large coefficients
C.
To improve the interpretability of the model
D.
To enhance the training speed of the model
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Solution
Regularization adds a penalty for larger coefficients in the model, helping to prevent overfitting and improve generalization.
Correct Answer:
B
— To prevent overfitting by penalizing large coefficients
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Q. What is the role of semantic actions in syntax-directed translation?
A.
To define the grammar of the language
B.
To specify how to compute attribute values
C.
To optimize the generated code
D.
To perform error handling during parsing
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Solution
Semantic actions specify how to compute attribute values during syntax-directed translation.
Correct Answer:
B
— To specify how to compute attribute values
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Q. What is the role of the 'k' parameter in K-means clustering?
A.
It determines the maximum number of iterations
B.
It specifies the number of clusters to form
C.
It sets the learning rate for the algorithm
D.
It defines the distance metric used
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Solution
The 'k' parameter in K-means specifies the number of clusters that the algorithm will attempt to form from the data.
Correct Answer:
B
— It specifies the number of clusters to form
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Q. What is the role of the 'max_depth' parameter in a Decision Tree?
A.
It determines the maximum number of features to consider
B.
It limits the number of samples at each leaf
C.
It restricts the maximum depth of the tree
D.
It controls the minimum number of samples required to split an internal node
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Solution
The 'max_depth' parameter limits how deep the Decision Tree can grow, helping to prevent overfitting.
Correct Answer:
C
— It restricts the maximum depth of the tree
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Q. What is the role of the 'max_depth' parameter in Decision Trees?
A.
To control the number of features used
B.
To limit the number of samples at each leaf
C.
To prevent the tree from growing too deep and overfitting
D.
To increase the computational efficiency
Show solution
Solution
The 'max_depth' parameter limits how deep the tree can grow, helping to prevent overfitting by controlling model complexity.
Correct Answer:
C
— To prevent the tree from growing too deep and overfitting
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Q. What is the role of the 'max_features' parameter in a Random Forest model?
A.
It determines the maximum number of trees in the forest.
B.
It specifies the maximum number of features to consider when looking for the best split.
C.
It sets the maximum depth of each tree.
D.
It controls the minimum number of samples required to split an internal node.
Show solution
Solution
'max_features' specifies the maximum number of features to consider when looking for the best split, which helps to introduce randomness and reduce correlation among trees.
Correct Answer:
B
— It specifies the maximum number of features to consider when looking for the best split.
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Q. What is the role of the 'User-Agent' header in an HTTP request?
A.
To identify the client software
B.
To specify the content type
C.
To manage session state
D.
To control caching behavior
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Solution
The 'User-Agent' header in an HTTP request identifies the client software making the request, allowing the server to tailor responses accordingly.
Correct Answer:
A
— To identify the client software
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Q. What is the role of the 'visited' set in Dijkstra's algorithm?
A.
To keep track of the nodes that have been processed
B.
To store the shortest path distances
C.
To maintain the priority queue
D.
To count the number of edges
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Solution
The 'visited' set in Dijkstra's algorithm keeps track of the nodes that have already been processed to avoid reprocessing them.
Correct Answer:
A
— To keep track of the nodes that have been processed
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Q. What is the role of the fully connected layer in a CNN?
A.
To perform convolution operations
B.
To reduce dimensionality
C.
To connect every neuron in one layer to every neuron in the next layer
D.
To apply pooling
Show solution
Solution
The fully connected layer connects every neuron in one layer to every neuron in the next layer, allowing for integration of features learned by previous layers.
Correct Answer:
C
— To connect every neuron in one layer to every neuron in the next layer
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Q. What is the role of the hidden layers in a neural network?
A.
To provide input data
B.
To perform computations and extract features
C.
To produce the final output
D.
To initialize weights
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Solution
Hidden layers perform computations and extract features from the input data, enabling the network to learn complex representations.
Correct Answer:
B
— To perform computations and extract features
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Q. What is the role of the hyperparameter 'C' in Support Vector Machines?
A.
It controls the complexity of the model
B.
It determines the type of kernel used
C.
It sets the number of support vectors
D.
It adjusts the learning rate
Show solution
Solution
'C' is a regularization parameter that controls the trade-off between maximizing the margin and minimizing the classification error.
Correct Answer:
A
— It controls the complexity of the model
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