Q. What is the result of a post-order traversal on a binary tree?
A.
Root, Left, Right
B.
Left, Right, Root
C.
Right, Left, Root
D.
Left, Root, Right
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Solution
In post-order traversal, the nodes are visited in the order of Left, Right, and then Root.
Correct Answer:
B
— Left, Right, Root
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Q. What is the result of a post-order traversal on the following binary tree: A, B, C, D?
A.
A B C D
B.
D C B A
C.
B D C A
D.
C B D A
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Solution
In post-order traversal, you visit the left subtree, then the right subtree, and finally the root. Thus, for the given tree, the result is D C B A.
Correct Answer:
B
— D C B A
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Q. What is the result of a postorder traversal on a binary tree?
A.
Root, Left, Right
B.
Left, Right, Root
C.
Right, Left, Root
D.
Left, Root, Right
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Solution
Postorder traversal visits nodes in the order: Left, Right, Root.
Correct Answer:
B
— Left, Right, Root
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Q. What is the result of a postorder traversal on the binary tree with root 1, left child 2, and right child 3?
A.
1, 2, 3
B.
2, 3, 1
C.
3, 2, 1
D.
1, 3, 2
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Solution
Postorder traversal visits the left child, then the right child, and finally the root, resulting in the order 2, 3, 1.
Correct Answer:
B
— 2, 3, 1
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Q. What is the result of a pre-order traversal of the binary tree with root 1, left child 2, and right child 3?
A.
1, 2, 3
B.
2, 1, 3
C.
3, 1, 2
D.
1, 3, 2
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Solution
In pre-order traversal, the root is visited first, followed by the left subtree and then the right subtree, resulting in 1, 2, 3.
Correct Answer:
A
— 1, 2, 3
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Q. What is the result of an in-order traversal of a binary search tree?
A.
Nodes in random order
B.
Nodes in descending order
C.
Nodes in ascending order
D.
Nodes in level order
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Solution
An in-order traversal of a binary search tree results in the nodes being visited in ascending order.
Correct Answer:
C
— Nodes in ascending order
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Q. What is the result of an in-order traversal of the binary tree with root 1, left child 2, and right child 3?
A.
1, 2, 3
B.
2, 1, 3
C.
3, 1, 2
D.
1, 3, 2
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Solution
In-order traversal visits the left child first, then the root, and finally the right child, resulting in 2, 1, 3.
Correct Answer:
B
— 2, 1, 3
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Q. What is the result of an inorder traversal of a binary search tree?
A.
Sorted order of elements
B.
Reverse sorted order of elements
C.
Random order of elements
D.
Level order of elements
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Solution
An inorder traversal of a binary search tree results in the elements being visited in sorted order.
Correct Answer:
A
— Sorted order of elements
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Q. What is the result of an inorder traversal of the binary tree with root 1, left child 2, and right child 3?
A.
1, 2, 3
B.
2, 1, 3
C.
3, 1, 2
D.
1, 3, 2
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Solution
Inorder traversal visits the left child first, then the root, and finally the right child, resulting in 2, 1, 3.
Correct Answer:
B
— 2, 1, 3
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Q. What is the result of applying dynamic programming to the Coin Change problem?
A.
Finding the minimum number of coins
B.
Finding all possible combinations of coins
C.
Finding the maximum value of coins
D.
Finding the average value of coins
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Solution
Dynamic programming can be used to find the minimum number of coins needed to make a certain amount in the Coin Change problem.
Correct Answer:
A
— Finding the minimum number of coins
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Q. What is the result of binary search if the array is empty?
A.
Returns 0
B.
Returns -1
C.
Returns null
D.
Throws an error
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Solution
If the array is empty, binary search will return -1, indicating that the target is not found.
Correct Answer:
B
— Returns -1
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Q. What is the result of binary search if the target is less than the middle element?
A.
Search the left half
B.
Search the right half
C.
Return the middle element
D.
End the search
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Solution
If the target is less than the middle element, binary search continues the search in the left half of the array.
Correct Answer:
A
— Search the left half
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Q. What is the result of dereferencing a null pointer?
A.
It returns zero
B.
It causes a segmentation fault
C.
It returns a random value
D.
It is valid and returns a pointer
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Solution
Dereferencing a null pointer causes a segmentation fault, as it attempts to access an invalid memory location.
Correct Answer:
B
— It causes a segmentation fault
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Q. What is the result of performing a binary search on the array [2, 4, 6, 8, 10] for the value 5?
A.
5
B.
4
C.
6
D.
Not found
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Solution
The value 5 is not present in the array, so the result of the binary search would be 'Not found'.
Correct Answer:
D
— Not found
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Q. What is the result of performing binary search on a sorted array for an element not present in the array?
A.
The index of the closest element
B.
The index of the first element
C.
The index of the last element
D.
An indication that the element is not found
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Solution
Binary search will indicate that the element is not found, typically returning a sentinel value or -1.
Correct Answer:
D
— An indication that the element is not found
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Q. What is the result of performing binary search on an array with duplicate values?
A.
First occurrence of the value
B.
Last occurrence of the value
C.
Any occurrence of the value
D.
None of the above
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Solution
Binary search can return any occurrence of the target value when duplicates are present, depending on the implementation.
Correct Answer:
C
— Any occurrence of the value
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Q. What is the result of popping an element from an empty stack?
A.
The top element is returned
B.
An error is thrown
C.
The stack remains unchanged
D.
The stack is cleared
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Solution
Popping an element from an empty stack typically results in an error being thrown, as there are no elements to remove.
Correct Answer:
B
— An error is thrown
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Q. What is the result of the following binary search on the array [1, 2, 3, 4, 5] for target 3?
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Solution
The target 3 is located at index 2 in the array [1, 2, 3, 4, 5].
Correct Answer:
C
— 2
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Q. What is the role of 'bootstrap sampling' in Random Forests?
A.
To select features for each tree
B.
To create multiple subsets of the training data
C.
To evaluate model performance
D.
To increase the depth of trees
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Solution
Bootstrap sampling involves creating multiple subsets of the training data by sampling with replacement, which helps in building diverse trees.
Correct Answer:
B
— To create multiple subsets of the training data
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Q. What is the role of 'feature importance' in Random Forests?
A.
To determine the number of trees in the forest.
B.
To identify which features are most influential in making predictions.
C.
To evaluate the model's performance.
D.
To select the best hyperparameters.
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Solution
Feature importance in Random Forests helps to identify which features are most influential in making predictions, guiding feature selection and model interpretation.
Correct Answer:
B
— To identify which features are most influential in making predictions.
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Q. What is the role of 'max_features' in Random Forests?
A.
To limit the number of trees in the forest
B.
To control the maximum depth of each tree
C.
To specify the maximum number of features to consider when looking for the best split
D.
To determine the minimum number of samples required to split an internal node
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Solution
'max_features' controls how many features are considered for splitting at each node, which helps in reducing correlation among trees.
Correct Answer:
C
— To specify the maximum number of features to consider when looking for the best split
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Q. What is the role of 'reward' in reinforcement learning?
A.
To measure the accuracy of predictions
B.
To provide feedback to the agent about its actions
C.
To cluster data points
D.
To evaluate the model's performance
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Solution
The reward provides feedback to the agent about the effectiveness of its actions, guiding it towards optimal behavior.
Correct Answer:
B
— To provide feedback to the agent about its actions
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Q. What is the role of a 'model registry' in the deployment process?
A.
To store raw data
B.
To manage model versions and metadata
C.
To visualize model performance
D.
To preprocess data
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Solution
A model registry is used to manage model versions and metadata, ensuring that different versions of models can be tracked and accessed during deployment.
Correct Answer:
B
— To manage model versions and metadata
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Q. What is the role of a feature store in MLOps?
A.
To store raw data
B.
To manage and serve features for ML models
C.
To deploy models
D.
To monitor model performance
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Solution
A feature store is used to manage and serve features for machine learning models, ensuring consistency and reusability.
Correct Answer:
B
— To manage and serve features for ML models
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Q. What is the role of a load balancer in model deployment?
A.
To train multiple models simultaneously
B.
To distribute incoming requests across multiple instances of a model
C.
To store model artifacts
D.
To preprocess input data
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Solution
A load balancer distributes incoming requests across multiple instances of a model to ensure efficient resource utilization and high availability.
Correct Answer:
B
— To distribute incoming requests across multiple instances of a model
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Q. What is the role of a model registry in deployment?
A.
To store raw data
B.
To manage model versions and metadata
C.
To visualize model performance
D.
To train models automatically
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Solution
A model registry helps manage different versions of models and their associated metadata, facilitating easier deployment and tracking.
Correct Answer:
B
— To manage model versions and metadata
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Q. What is the role of a model serving framework in deployment?
A.
To train the model
B.
To manage model versions and scaling
C.
To preprocess data
D.
To visualize model performance
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Solution
A model serving framework primarily manages model versions and scaling, ensuring that the model can handle requests efficiently in production.
Correct Answer:
B
— To manage model versions and scaling
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Q. What is the role of a model serving framework?
A.
To train models on large datasets
B.
To manage and serve machine learning models in production
C.
To visualize model performance
D.
To preprocess data for training
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Solution
A model serving framework is designed to manage and serve machine learning models in production, facilitating their use in applications.
Correct Answer:
B
— To manage and serve machine learning models in production
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Q. What is the role of a peephole optimizer?
A.
To optimize entire functions
B.
To analyze the entire program
C.
To make local optimizations on small sections of code
D.
To generate intermediate code
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Solution
A peephole optimizer makes local optimizations on small sections of code, often focusing on improving performance in a limited scope.
Correct Answer:
C
— To make local optimizations on small sections of code
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Q. What is the role of a REST API in model deployment?
A.
To train the model
B.
To serve predictions from the model
C.
To visualize model performance
D.
To preprocess input data
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Solution
A REST API serves predictions from the deployed model, allowing applications to interact with it.
Correct Answer:
B
— To serve predictions from the model
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