The alveoli are tiny air sacs in the lungs where the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide occurs.

The anther is the part of the stamen that produces pollen in flowering plants.

The testes are the male reproductive organs responsible for the production of sperm.

The testes are the male reproductive organs responsible for producing sperm.

Flowers are the reproductive structures of flowering plants, facilitating pollination and seed production.

Mitochondria synthesize ATP through the process of cellular respiration, providing energy for cellular activities.

The epiglottis is a flap that covers the trachea during swallowing to prevent food from entering the airway.

The aortic valve prevents the backflow of blood from the aorta into the left ventricle after contraction.

The ovary protects the developing seeds and will mature into the fruit after fertilization.

The ovary protects the developing seeds and will mature into the fruit after fertilization.

Sanger sequencing is a widely used method for determining the nucleotide sequence of DNA.

Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a technique used to amplify specific DNA segments.

Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is used to amplify specific DNA segments.

Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a technique used to amplify specific DNA sequences.

Transformation is the process of introducing foreign DNA into a host cell, often used in cloning.

Gel electrophoresis is used to separate DNA fragments according to their size, allowing for analysis and comparison.

Gel electrophoresis is a method used to separate DNA fragments based on their size and charge.

Phloem is responsible for the transport of sugars and other metabolic products downward from the leaves.

Phloem is responsible for the transport of sugars and other metabolic products downward from the leaves.

Amphibians are known for undergoing metamorphosis, transitioning from a larval stage to an adult form.

Lactobacillus species are lactic acid bacteria that ferment lactose to produce yogurt.

Arteries are the blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart.

Arteries carry oxygen-rich blood away from the heart to the tissues of the body.

Parenchyma cells are the primary site for starch storage in plants due to their large vacuoles.

Collenchyma cells provide flexible support to young stems and petioles, allowing for growth and movement.

Meristematic cells are undifferentiated cells that can divide and differentiate into various types of plant tissues, facilitating growth.

Xylem cells are specialized for the transport of water and minerals from the roots to the rest of the plant.

Xylem cells are responsible for the transport of water and minerals from the roots to the rest of the plant.

Sclerenchyma cells provide rigid support and are typically dead at maturity, contributing to the structural integrity of the plant.

The alveoli are lined with simple squamous epithelium, allowing for efficient gas exchange due to its thin structure.