Q. What is the purpose of the subnet mask in IP addressing?
A.
To identify the network and host portions of an IP address
B.
To encrypt data packets
C.
To assign IP addresses dynamically
D.
To manage routing tables
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Solution
The subnet mask determines which part of an IP address refers to the network and which part refers to the host.
Correct Answer:
A
— To identify the network and host portions of an IP address
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Q. What is the purpose of the subnetting process in network design?
A.
To create larger broadcast domains
B.
To enhance security and manageability
C.
To reduce the number of IP addresses used
D.
To eliminate the need for routers
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Solution
Subnetting enhances security and manageability by creating smaller, isolated networks that can be controlled more effectively.
Correct Answer:
B
— To enhance security and manageability
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Q. What is the purpose of the subnetting process?
A.
To create more broadcast domains
B.
To reduce the size of routing tables
C.
To enhance security and performance
D.
All of the above
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Solution
Subnetting helps create more broadcast domains, reduces routing table size, and enhances security and performance.
Correct Answer:
D
— All of the above
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Q. What is the purpose of the training set in linear regression?
A.
To evaluate the model's performance
B.
To tune hyperparameters
C.
To fit the model and learn the relationship between variables
D.
To visualize the data
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Solution
The training set is used to fit the model and learn the relationship between the independent and dependent variables.
Correct Answer:
C
— To fit the model and learn the relationship between variables
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Q. What is the purpose of the training set in supervised learning?
A.
To evaluate the model's performance
B.
To tune hyperparameters
C.
To train the model on labeled data
D.
To visualize data distributions
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Solution
The training set is used to train the model on labeled data, allowing it to learn the relationship between inputs and outputs.
Correct Answer:
C
— To train the model on labeled data
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Q. What is the purpose of type checking in a compiler?
A.
To ensure that the program runs faster
B.
To verify that operations are performed on compatible data types
C.
To optimize the code
D.
To generate intermediate code
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Solution
Type checking verifies that operations are performed on compatible data types, ensuring program correctness.
Correct Answer:
B
— To verify that operations are performed on compatible data types
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Q. What is the purpose of using a training and test set in linear regression?
A.
To increase the size of the dataset
B.
To validate the model's performance on unseen data
C.
To reduce the complexity of the model
D.
To improve the accuracy of predictions
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Solution
Using a training and test set allows for the evaluation of the model's performance on unseen data, helping to prevent overfitting.
Correct Answer:
B
— To validate the model's performance on unseen data
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Q. What is the purpose of using a validation set during model selection?
A.
To train the model
B.
To test the model's performance on unseen data
C.
To tune hyperparameters
D.
To evaluate the model's accuracy
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Solution
A validation set is used to tune hyperparameters and select the best model configuration before final testing.
Correct Answer:
C
— To tune hyperparameters
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Q. What is the purpose of using a validation set during model training?
A.
To train the model
B.
To evaluate the model's performance during training
C.
To test the model after training
D.
To select features
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Solution
A validation set is used to evaluate the model's performance during training and tune hyperparameters.
Correct Answer:
B
— To evaluate the model's performance during training
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Q. What is the purpose of using a validation set during training of a neural network?
A.
To train the model
B.
To evaluate the model's performance during training
C.
To test the model after training
D.
To optimize the learning rate
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Solution
The validation set is used to monitor the model's performance during training and to tune hyperparameters.
Correct Answer:
B
— To evaluate the model's performance during training
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Q. What is the purpose of using a validation set in linear regression?
A.
To train the model
B.
To tune hyperparameters
C.
To evaluate the model's performance on unseen data
D.
To visualize the data
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Solution
A validation set is used to evaluate the model's performance on unseen data, helping to prevent overfitting.
Correct Answer:
C
— To evaluate the model's performance on unseen data
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Q. What is the purpose of using a validation set in neural network training?
A.
To train the model
B.
To test the model's performance
C.
To tune hyperparameters
D.
To visualize the data
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Solution
A validation set is used to tune hyperparameters and assess the model's performance during training without using the test set.
Correct Answer:
C
— To tune hyperparameters
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Q. What is the purpose of using a validation set?
A.
To train the model
B.
To test the model's performance
C.
To tune hyperparameters
D.
To visualize the data
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Solution
A validation set is used to tune hyperparameters and select the best model configuration.
Correct Answer:
C
— To tune hyperparameters
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Q. What is the purpose of using cross-validation in model evaluation?
A.
To increase training time
B.
To reduce overfitting
C.
To improve model complexity
D.
To increase dataset size
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Solution
Cross-validation helps to assess how the results of a statistical analysis will generalize to an independent dataset, thus reducing overfitting.
Correct Answer:
B
— To reduce overfitting
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Q. What is the purpose of using cross-validation in model selection?
A.
To increase the size of the training dataset
B.
To assess how the results of a statistical analysis will generalize to an independent dataset
C.
To reduce the dimensionality of the dataset
D.
To improve the interpretability of the model
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Solution
Cross-validation is used to evaluate the generalization ability of a model by partitioning the data into subsets, training on some and validating on others.
Correct Answer:
B
— To assess how the results of a statistical analysis will generalize to an independent dataset
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Q. What is the purpose of using one-hot encoding in feature engineering?
A.
To reduce the number of features
B.
To convert categorical variables into numerical format
C.
To increase the interpretability of the model
D.
To improve model training speed
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Solution
One-hot encoding is used to convert categorical variables into a numerical format that can be used by machine learning algorithms.
Correct Answer:
B
— To convert categorical variables into numerical format
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Q. What is the purpose of using regularization in model selection?
A.
To increase model complexity
B.
To prevent overfitting
C.
To improve feature selection
D.
To enhance data preprocessing
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Solution
Regularization is used to prevent overfitting by adding a penalty for larger coefficients in the model.
Correct Answer:
B
— To prevent overfitting
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Q. What is the purpose of using regularization techniques in model selection?
A.
To increase the model's complexity
B.
To reduce the training time
C.
To prevent overfitting by penalizing large coefficients
D.
To improve the interpretability of the model
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Solution
Regularization techniques prevent overfitting by adding a penalty for large coefficients in the model.
Correct Answer:
C
— To prevent overfitting by penalizing large coefficients
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Q. What is the purpose of using subword tokenization?
A.
To handle out-of-vocabulary words
B.
To increase the size of the vocabulary
C.
To improve model training speed
D.
To reduce the number of tokens
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Solution
Subword tokenization helps handle out-of-vocabulary words by breaking them into smaller, known subword units.
Correct Answer:
A
— To handle out-of-vocabulary words
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Q. What is the purpose of using the 'padding' technique in NLP?
A.
To remove unnecessary tokens
B.
To ensure all input sequences are of the same length
C.
To increase the vocabulary size
D.
To improve the accuracy of embeddings
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Solution
Padding is used to ensure all input sequences are of the same length, which is necessary for batch processing in models.
Correct Answer:
B
— To ensure all input sequences are of the same length
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Q. What is the purpose of versioning in model deployment?
A.
To improve model accuracy
B.
To track changes and manage different model iterations
C.
To enhance data preprocessing
D.
To optimize model training time
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Solution
Versioning helps track changes and manage different iterations of models, ensuring that the correct version is used in production.
Correct Answer:
B
— To track changes and manage different model iterations
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Q. What is the range of valid host addresses in the subnet 192.168.1.0/24?
A.
192.168.1.1 to 192.168.1.254
B.
192.168.1.0 to 192.168.1.255
C.
192.168.1.0 to 192.168.1.254
D.
192.168.1.1 to 192.168.1.255
Show solution
Solution
In the subnet 192.168.1.0/24, the valid host addresses range from 192.168.1.1 to 192.168.1.254, as 192.168.1.0 is the network address and 192.168.1.255 is the broadcast address.
Correct Answer:
A
— 192.168.1.1 to 192.168.1.254
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Q. What is the result of a binary search if the array is empty?
A.
Returns 0
B.
Returns -1
C.
Returns null
D.
Returns an error
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Solution
If the array is empty, binary search will return -1, indicating that the target is not found.
Correct Answer:
B
— Returns -1
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Q. What is the result of a level-order traversal of a binary tree?
A.
Nodes are visited from top to bottom and left to right
B.
Nodes are visited from bottom to top and right to left
C.
Nodes are visited in sorted order
D.
Nodes are visited in reverse order
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Solution
Level-order traversal visits nodes level by level, starting from the root and moving from left to right.
Correct Answer:
A
— Nodes are visited from top to bottom and left to right
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Q. What is the result of a level-order traversal of the following binary tree: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5?
A.
1, 2, 3, 4, 5
B.
1, 3, 2, 5, 4
C.
2, 4, 3, 5, 1
D.
4, 5, 2, 3, 1
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Solution
Level-order traversal visits nodes level by level from top to bottom, resulting in 1, 2, 3, 4, 5.
Correct Answer:
A
— 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
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Q. What is the result of a level-order traversal on a binary tree with root 1, left child 2, and right child 3?
A.
1, 2, 3
B.
2, 1, 3
C.
1, 3, 2
D.
3, 2, 1
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Solution
In level-order traversal, we visit nodes level by level from top to bottom, resulting in the sequence 1, 2, 3.
Correct Answer:
A
— 1, 2, 3
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Q. What is the result of a level-order traversal on the binary tree with root 1, left child 2, and right child 3?
A.
1, 2, 3
B.
2, 1, 3
C.
3, 2, 1
D.
1, 3, 2
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Solution
Level-order traversal visits nodes level by level, starting from the root, resulting in the order: 1, 2, 3.
Correct Answer:
A
— 1, 2, 3
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Q. What is the result of a post-order traversal of a binary tree?
A.
Root, Left, Right
B.
Left, Right, Root
C.
Right, Left, Root
D.
Left, Root, Right
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Solution
In post-order traversal, the nodes are visited in the order: Left, Right, Root.
Correct Answer:
B
— Left, Right, Root
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Q. What is the result of a post-order traversal on a binary tree with nodes 1 (root), 2 (left), 3 (right)?
A.
1, 2, 3
B.
2, 3, 1
C.
3, 2, 1
D.
1, 3, 2
Show solution
Solution
Post-order traversal visits the left child, then the right child, and finally the root, resulting in the output 2, 3, 1.
Correct Answer:
B
— 2, 3, 1
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Q. What is the result of a post-order traversal on a binary tree with nodes 1, 2, and 3, where 1 is the root, 2 is the left child, and 3 is the right child?
A.
1, 2, 3
B.
2, 3, 1
C.
3, 2, 1
D.
1, 3, 2
Show solution
Solution
In post-order traversal, we visit the left child, then the right child, and finally the parent. Thus, the output is 2, 3, 1.
Correct Answer:
B
— 2, 3, 1
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