The trial balance includes assets, liabilities, and equity, but does not include the income statement.

Opportunity cost is not a direct component of total cost in cost control.

In marginal costing, fixed manufacturing overhead is not included in the total cost of the product; only variable costs are considered.

Selling expenses are not considered a component of total cost in production; they are period costs.

Long-term Debt is not a component of working capital; it is a long-term liability.

Being a citizen of India is not a condition for being classified as a 'Resident' in India.

The landlord being registered for GST is not a condition for claiming HRA exemption.

Citizenship is not a criterion for determining the residential status of an individual.

Health Insurance Premium is not a deduction under Section 80C; it falls under Section 80D.

Home loan principal repayment is not a deduction under Section 80D.

Market value is not a factor in determining depreciation expense; the relevant factors are cost, useful life, and salvage value.

Company culture is an internal factor, while the others are external factors affecting the business environment.

A franchise is a business model that allows individuals to operate a business under a brand, but it is not a form of ownership itself.

Marketing is not a core function of management; it is a separate business function.

The Debt to Equity Ratio is not a liquidity ratio; it measures the company's financial leverage instead.

The Capitalization Method is not a recognized method of calculating depreciation.

The Cost Recovery Method is not a standard method of depreciation; it refers to recovering costs rather than a specific depreciation calculation.

Employees are part of the internal environment, while competitors, suppliers, and government regulations are external factors.

Supply chain management is not part of the promotional mix; it focuses on the flow of goods and services.

Calculating tax liabilities is not a reason for preparing a trial balance; it is primarily used to detect errors and assist in preparing financial statements.

Evaluating employee performance is not a step in the planning process; it is part of the controlling function of management.

Gifts from friends are not taxable under the head 'Income from Other Sources'.

While franchises are a method of distributing goods and services, they are not a standalone form of business ownership.

UGST is not a recognized type of GST. The three types are CGST (Central GST), SGST (State GST), and IGST (Integrated GST).

Income from lottery is taxable and not exempt under Section 10.

Income from lottery is taxable and not exempt under Section 10 of the Income Tax Act.

Gifts from relatives are not taxable under the Income Tax Act.

Wealth is not a type of income under the Income Tax Act; it is a separate category for wealth tax.

Sales forecasting is a predictive tool rather than a type of market research, which includes surveys, focus groups, and observational research.

Health Insurance Premium is covered under Section 80D, not 80C.