Q. In the passage, the phrase 'the elephant in the room' is used to refer to:
A.
An obvious problem that is being ignored
B.
A large and important issue that is well understood
C.
A situation that requires immediate attention
D.
A metaphor for a complex idea
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Solution
'The elephant in the room' is a metaphor for an obvious problem that everyone is aware of but chooses to ignore.
Correct Answer:
A
— An obvious problem that is being ignored
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Q. In the passage, the phrase 'the tip of the iceberg' is used to suggest that: (2023)
A.
The issue is more complex than it appears.
B.
The problem is nearly resolved.
C.
There are many solutions available.
D.
The situation is improving gradually.
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Solution
The phrase 'the tip of the iceberg' implies that what is visible is only a small part of a much larger issue.
Correct Answer:
A
— The issue is more complex than it appears.
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Q. In the passage, the phrase 'to take the bull by the horns' suggests that one should:
A.
avoid confrontation
B.
face a challenge directly
C.
delegate responsibility
D.
wait for the right moment
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Solution
The phrase means to confront a difficult situation directly and decisively.
Correct Answer:
B
— face a challenge directly
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Q. In the passage, the phrase 'to take the plunge' suggests that one should:
A.
avoid risks
B.
embrace challenges
C.
remain cautious
D.
stay indifferent
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Solution
'To take the plunge' means to commit to a course of action, especially one that involves risk.
Correct Answer:
B
— embrace challenges
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Q. In the passage, the term 'ameliorate' is used to suggest that something can:
A.
worsen
B.
improve
C.
remain the same
D.
be ignored
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Solution
'Ameliorate' means to make something better or improve it.
Correct Answer:
B
— improve
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Q. In the passage, the term 'catalyst' is used to describe something that:
A.
slows down progress
B.
initiates change
C.
remains unchanged
D.
is irrelevant
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Solution
'Catalyst' refers to something that accelerates or brings about change, thus 'initiates change' is the correct interpretation.
Correct Answer:
B
— initiates change
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Q. In the passage, the term 'cognitive dissonance' is used to describe:
A.
a state of confusion
B.
a mental conflict
C.
a learning process
D.
a psychological disorder
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Solution
'Cognitive dissonance' refers to the mental discomfort experienced when holding two conflicting beliefs, thus describing a mental conflict.
Correct Answer:
B
— a mental conflict
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Q. In the passage, the term 'digital divide' most likely refers to: (2023)
A.
The gap between those who have access to technology and those who do not.
B.
The difference in digital literacy among various age groups.
C.
The disparity in technological advancements across countries.
D.
The contrast between digital and traditional media.
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Solution
The 'digital divide' typically refers to the inequality in access to technology, making option 0 the correct choice.
Correct Answer:
A
— The gap between those who have access to technology and those who do not.
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Q. In the passage, the term 'paradigm shift' refers to:
A.
a minor change
B.
a complete transformation
C.
a temporary trend
D.
an outdated concept
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Solution
'Paradigm shift' indicates a fundamental change in approach or underlying assumptions, thus referring to a complete transformation.
Correct Answer:
B
— a complete transformation
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Q. In the passage, the term 'paradox' is used to describe:
A.
a situation that is straightforward
B.
a contradiction that reveals a truth
C.
an obvious fact
D.
a common belief
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Solution
A 'paradox' refers to a statement that contradicts itself but may reveal a deeper truth, making 'a contradiction that reveals a truth' the correct interpretation.
Correct Answer:
B
— a contradiction that reveals a truth
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Q. In the passage, the term 'quintessential' is used to describe a model. What does it mean?
A.
the least important
B.
the most typical
C.
the most complex
D.
the most outdated
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Solution
'Quintessential' means representing the most perfect or typical example of a quality or class, indicating the most typical.
Correct Answer:
B
— the most typical
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Q. In the passage, the term 'sustainable development' is best understood as:
A.
Development that ignores environmental concerns.
B.
Economic growth that prioritizes short-term gains.
C.
Development that meets present needs without compromising future generations.
D.
A strategy that focuses solely on technological advancements.
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Solution
The passage defines sustainable development as a balance between current needs and the preservation of resources for future generations.
Correct Answer:
C
— Development that meets present needs without compromising future generations.
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Q. In the passage, the term 'sustainable practices' most closely refers to which of the following?
A.
Methods that are economically beneficial.
B.
Practices that do not deplete resources.
C.
Techniques that are easy to implement.
D.
Strategies that are popular among consumers.
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Solution
The passage defines sustainable practices as those that maintain resource availability for future generations, aligning with environmental conservation.
Correct Answer:
B
— Practices that do not deplete resources.
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Q. In the passage, the term 'systemic inequalities' most likely refers to:
A.
Inequalities that are random and unconnected.
B.
Inequalities that are embedded in societal structures.
C.
Inequalities that can be easily resolved.
D.
Inequalities that only affect a small population.
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Solution
The term 'systemic inequalities' indicates that these disparities are deeply rooted in the fabric of society.
Correct Answer:
B
— Inequalities that are embedded in societal structures.
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Q. In the passage, the term 'systemic inequality' is best understood to mean:
A.
Inequality that arises from individual actions.
B.
Inequality that is embedded in societal structures.
C.
Inequality that is temporary and can be resolved.
D.
Inequality that affects only a small segment of the population.
Show solution
Solution
The term 'systemic inequality' refers to inequalities that are deeply rooted in the structures and systems of society.
Correct Answer:
B
— Inequality that is embedded in societal structures.
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Q. In the passage, the word 'catalyst' is used to describe something that:
A.
slows down a process
B.
initiates change
C.
remains unchanged
D.
is irrelevant
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Solution
A 'catalyst' is something that accelerates or initiates a change, making 'initiates change' the correct interpretation.
Correct Answer:
B
— initiates change
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Q. In the passage, the word 'dichotomy' refers to:
A.
a single entity
B.
a division into two contrasting parts
C.
a harmonious blend
D.
a gradual transition
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Solution
'Dichotomy' refers to a division or contrast between two things that are represented as being opposed or entirely different.
Correct Answer:
B
— a division into two contrasting parts
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Q. In the passage, the word 'esoteric' is used to describe knowledge that is:
A.
widely known
B.
difficult to understand
C.
easily accessible
D.
commonplace
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Solution
'Esoteric' refers to knowledge that is intended for or likely to be understood by only a small number of people, thus 'difficult to understand' is correct.
Correct Answer:
B
— difficult to understand
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Q. In the passage, the word 'ubiquitous' is used to describe technology. This means technology is:
A.
rarely found
B.
widely available
C.
outdated
D.
exclusively used
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Solution
'Ubiquitous' means present or existing everywhere, indicating that technology is widely available.
Correct Answer:
B
— widely available
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Q. In the passage, the word 'ubiquitous' is used to describe technology. What does it mean?
A.
rare
B.
invisible
C.
present everywhere
D.
outdated
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Solution
'Ubiquitous' means being present everywhere at the same time, which fits the context of technology being widespread.
Correct Answer:
C
— present everywhere
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Q. In the photoelectric effect, if the frequency of incident light is doubled, what happens to the kinetic energy of the emitted electrons?
A.
It doubles
B.
It quadruples
C.
It remains the same
D.
It becomes zero
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Solution
The kinetic energy of the emitted electrons is given by KE = hf - φ. If the frequency is doubled, the kinetic energy increases by a factor of four, since KE is proportional to the frequency.
Correct Answer:
B
— It quadruples
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Q. In the photoelectric effect, if the frequency of incident light is doubled, what happens to the kinetic energy of emitted electrons? (2020)
A.
It doubles
B.
It quadruples
C.
It remains the same
D.
It becomes zero
Show solution
Solution
Kinetic energy (KE) = hf - φ. If frequency is doubled, KE increases by a factor of 4.
Correct Answer:
B
— It quadruples
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Q. In the photoelectric effect, increasing the intensity of light increases the:
A.
Kinetic energy of emitted electrons
B.
Number of emitted electrons
C.
Wavelength of emitted light
D.
Work function
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Solution
Increasing the intensity of light increases the number of emitted electrons, as intensity is related to the number of photons hitting the surface.
Correct Answer:
B
— Number of emitted electrons
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Q. In the photoelectric effect, the kinetic energy of the emitted electrons depends on which of the following?
A.
Frequency of the incident light
B.
Intensity of the incident light
C.
Wavelength of the incident light
D.
All of the above
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Solution
The kinetic energy of the emitted electrons in the photoelectric effect depends on the frequency of the incident light, as per Einstein's photoelectric equation.
Correct Answer:
A
— Frequency of the incident light
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Q. In the photoelectric effect, what does the term 'work function' refer to?
A.
The energy of the incident photons
B.
The energy required to remove an electron from the metal
C.
The maximum kinetic energy of emitted electrons
D.
The frequency of the incident light
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Solution
The work function is the minimum energy required to remove an electron from the surface of a metal.
Correct Answer:
B
— The energy required to remove an electron from the metal
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Q. In the photoelectric effect, what does the work function represent?
A.
The energy of the incident photons
B.
The maximum kinetic energy of emitted electrons
C.
The minimum energy required to remove an electron from the metal
D.
The frequency of the incident light
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Solution
The work function is the minimum energy required to remove an electron from the surface of the metal.
Correct Answer:
C
— The minimum energy required to remove an electron from the metal
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Q. In the photoelectric effect, what happens to the emitted electrons if the frequency of the incident light is just at the threshold frequency?
A.
They are emitted with maximum kinetic energy
B.
They are emitted with zero kinetic energy
C.
They are not emitted
D.
They are emitted with negative kinetic energy
Show solution
Solution
At the threshold frequency, the energy of the incident photons is equal to the work function, resulting in emitted electrons having zero kinetic energy.
Correct Answer:
B
— They are emitted with zero kinetic energy
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Q. In the photoelectric effect, what happens to the energy of the incident photon if it exceeds the work function?
A.
All energy is used to emit electrons
B.
Excess energy becomes kinetic energy
C.
No electrons are emitted
D.
Energy is lost as heat
Show solution
Solution
The excess energy of the photon becomes the kinetic energy of the emitted photoelectrons.
Correct Answer:
B
— Excess energy becomes kinetic energy
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Q. In the photoelectric effect, what happens to the kinetic energy of emitted electrons if the frequency of incident light is increased?
A.
It decreases
B.
It remains constant
C.
It increases linearly with frequency
D.
It increases with the square of frequency
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Solution
The kinetic energy of emitted electrons increases linearly with the frequency of the incident light, according to the equation KE = hf - φ.
Correct Answer:
C
— It increases linearly with frequency
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Q. In the photoelectric effect, what happens to the kinetic energy of emitted electrons if the intensity of light is increased while keeping frequency constant?
A.
Increases
B.
Decreases
C.
Remains the same
D.
Becomes zero
Show solution
Solution
The kinetic energy of emitted electrons remains the same as it depends on the frequency, not intensity.
Correct Answer:
C
— Remains the same
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