The 'visited' set is used to avoid processing the same vertex multiple times, ensuring that each vertex is only processed once.

The primary purpose of the ARP (Address Resolution Protocol) is to resolve IP addresses to MAC addresses in a local network.

The HTTP GET method is used to retrieve data from a specified resource on the server.

HTTP headers provide metadata about the request or response, such as content type, length, and caching policies.

The primary purpose of the HTTP protocol is to request and transmit web pages between clients and servers.

The HTTP status code 404 indicates that the requested resource could not be found on the server.

The primary purpose of the Link Layer in the TCP/IP model is to provide physical addressing and manage the physical connection.

The primary purpose of the Physical layer (Layer 1) is to transmit raw bitstreams over a physical medium.

The priority queue is used to efficiently retrieve the next vertex with the smallest distance estimate during the algorithm's execution.

The primary purpose of the Session Layer is to establish, manage, and terminate sessions between applications.

AVL trees maintain balance through rotations, ensuring that operations like search, insert, and delete remain efficient with a time complexity of O(log n).

AVL trees maintain a balance factor to ensure that the height difference between the left and right subtrees is at most one, which allows for efficient search, insert, and delete operations.

Cloud ML services provide data scientists with access to large datasets and significant compute power, enhancing their analytical capabilities.

Cross-validation is used to reduce overfitting and ensure that the model generalizes well to unseen data.

Ensemble methods like Random Forests improve prediction accuracy by combining the outputs of multiple models, thus leveraging their strengths.

Random Forests aim to reduce variance and improve accuracy by averaging multiple Decision Trees.

Binary trees, especially binary search trees, are widely used in database indexing to allow for efficient data retrieval.

Red-Black trees allow for faster insertion and deletion operations compared to AVL trees because they require fewer rotations to maintain balance.

AVL trees maintain a more balanced structure than regular binary search trees, leading to better performance in search operations.

Binary search requires the array to be sorted in order to function correctly.

The primary role of a router is to filter traffic based on IP addresses and route packets between different networks.

The primary role of the Presentation layer is to format and translate data, including encryption and decryption.

Binary trees are used for sorting, storing hierarchical data, and searching for data, making option 'All of the above' correct.

Binary trees are primarily used to represent hierarchical data structures.

Binary trees are primarily used to represent hierarchical data.

Binary trees are primarily used to represent hierarchical data structures, such as file systems and organizational charts.

Queues are primarily used to manage tasks in the order they arrive, following the FIFO principle.

Queues are primarily used for managing tasks in scenarios like print jobs or task scheduling.

A queue is primarily used in breadth-first search (level order traversal) to keep track of nodes to be visited next.

A stack operates on a Last In First Out (LIFO) principle, where the last element added is the first to be removed.