Q. If the temperature of an exothermic reaction at equilibrium is increased, what will happen?
A.
The equilibrium shifts to the right
B.
The equilibrium shifts to the left
C.
No change occurs
D.
The reaction rate increases
Solution
For an exothermic reaction, increasing the temperature shifts the equilibrium to the left, favoring the reactants, as the system tries to absorb the added heat.
Correct Answer:
B
— The equilibrium shifts to the left
Q. If the temperature of an exothermic reaction at equilibrium is increased, what will be the effect on the equilibrium position?
A.
Shifts to the right
B.
Shifts to the left
C.
No effect
D.
Reaction rate increases
Solution
For an exothermic reaction, increasing the temperature shifts the equilibrium to the left, favoring the reactants, as the system tries to absorb the added heat.
Q. If the temperature of an exothermic reaction is increased, what is the expected effect on the equilibrium?
A.
Shifts to the right
B.
Shifts to the left
C.
No effect
D.
Reaction rate increases
Solution
For an exothermic reaction, increasing the temperature shifts the equilibrium to the left, favoring the reactants, as the system tries to absorb the added heat.
Q. If the temperature of an exothermic reaction is increased, what will happen to the equilibrium?
A.
Shift to the right
B.
Shift to the left
C.
No change
D.
Reaction rate increases
Solution
For an exothermic reaction, increasing the temperature shifts the equilibrium to the left, favoring the reactants, as the system tries to absorb the added heat.
Q. If the temperature of the exothermic reaction A + B ⇌ C + heat is increased, what will be the effect on the equilibrium position?
A.
Shift to the left
B.
Shift to the right
C.
No change
D.
Increase the rate of reaction
Solution
According to Le Chatelier's Principle, increasing the temperature of an exothermic reaction shifts the equilibrium to the left, favoring the reactants.
Q. In a calorimetry experiment, if 50 g of water is heated from 25 °C to 75 °C, what is the heat absorbed (q) assuming specific heat capacity of water is 4.18 J/g°C?
A.
1045 J
B.
2090 J
C.
1250 J
D.
500 J
Solution
q = mcΔT = 50 g × 4.18 J/g°C × (75-25)°C = 1045 J.
Q. In a chemical equilibrium, what does a large equilibrium constant (K) indicate?
A.
Products are favored at equilibrium
B.
Reactants are favored at equilibrium
C.
Equilibrium is not established
D.
Reaction is slow
Solution
A large equilibrium constant (K) indicates that at equilibrium, the concentration of products is much greater than that of reactants, favoring products.
Correct Answer:
A
— Products are favored at equilibrium
Q. In a closed system, if 100 J of heat is added to a gas and it does 40 J of work, what is the change in internal energy (ΔU) according to the first law of thermodynamics?
Q. In a constant pressure process, how is the work done by the system related to the change in enthalpy?
A.
W = ΔH
B.
W = -ΔH
C.
W = ΔH + PΔV
D.
W = ΔH - PΔV
Solution
For a constant pressure process, the work done by the system is related to the change in enthalpy by the equation ΔH = Q + PΔV, where Q is the heat added.