At the center of the film with thickness λ/2, destructive interference occurs for all wavelengths, leading to no color.

At the center, where the path difference is λ, constructive interference occurs, and the color that appears depends on the wavelength of light, typically red for thin films.

At the center of the thin film interference pattern, the color that appears is typically green due to the constructive interference of wavelengths in that range.

The color that appears at the center of the pattern corresponds to the wavelength that experiences constructive interference, which in this case is red light.

If the film thickness causes constructive interference for blue light, blue will appear at the center of the pattern.

Destructive interference for red light means red light is canceled out, leaving the shorter wavelengths (blue) visible.

If the film thickness causes constructive interference for blue light, blue will be the color that appears at the topmost layer.

If the film thickness causes constructive interference for blue light, blue will be the color that appears most prominently.

The color that appears depends on the thickness of the film and the wavelength of light. Blue light has a shorter wavelength and will be more prominently reflected.

The color that appears depends on the thickness of the film and the wavelength of light. Typically, red light is least affected by thin film interference.

If destructive interference occurs for blue light, the complementary color (red) will appear bright.

Constructive interference in thin films often enhances the green color due to the specific thickness of the film and the wavelength of light.

The color that is most prominently visible depends on the thickness of the film and the wavelength of light. Typically, shorter wavelengths like blue are enhanced due to constructive interference.

The colorful patterns in a thin film are due to interference of light waves reflected from the top and bottom surfaces of the film.

Effective wavelength in the film = λ/n = 500 nm / 1.33 ≈ 375 nm.

At the center, destructive interference occurs for red light due to its longer wavelength.

Different colors are seen due to interference of light waves reflected from different thicknesses of the soap film, which changes with angle.

Different colors are seen because different wavelengths of light interfere constructively at different angles due to the varying thickness of the soap film.

Magnification (m) is given by m = -v/u. Here, m = -10/15 = -2/3, which means the magnification is 1.5 in absolute value.

Using Ampere's Law, B = μ₀NI/2πr inside a toroidal solenoid.

The magnetic field strength in a toroidal solenoid is directly proportional to the number of turns per unit length.

The magnetic field inside a toroidal solenoid is uniform and non-zero, depending on the current and the number of turns.

The magnetic field inside a toroidal solenoid is given by B = μ₀nI, where n is the number of turns per unit length along the circular path.

The magnetic field inside a toroidal solenoid is given by B = μ₀nI.

Since the angle of incidence (45°) is less than the critical angle (approximately 41.8° for glass to air), total internal reflection does not occur, and the angle of refraction cannot be calculated.

The critical angle for water to air is approximately 48.6 degrees. Therefore, the minimum angle of incidence is 60 degrees.

The win-loss ratio is calculated as Wins:Losses = 3:1.

If a player wins 75% of 20 matches, then they win 0.75 * 20 = 15 matches.

Total points = 10 + 7 + 5 + 3 = 25 points awarded.

Low-income individuals = 15% of 3000 = 0.15 * 3000 = 450.