The energy released when a nucleus is formed from its constituent nucleons is called binding energy.

The energy released in a nuclear reaction is referred to as nuclear energy, which is a result of changes in the binding energy of the nucleus.

The mass defect is the difference in mass between the reactants and products in a nuclear reaction, which is related to the binding energy.

'4' in this system represents 20 in decimal since '2' is 10.

'BAC' = 11*16^2 + 10*16^1 + 12*16^0 = 186 + 10 + 12 = 188.

'BAA' = 11*100 + 10*10 + 10 = 121 + 20 + 10 = 121.

'B2' = 11*5^1 + 2*5^0 = 55 + 2 = 57 in decimal.

'100' in base 4 is 4. '110' in base 4 is 1*16 + 1*4 + 0 = 20, which is 6.

'C0' = 12*10^1 + 0*10^0 = 120 in decimal.

Increasing the base of a number system increases the number of unique digits available for representation.

'34' in base 6 is calculated as 3*6^1 + 4*6^0 = 18 + 4 = 22.

'34' in base 5 is calculated as 3*5^1 + 4*5^0 = 15 + 4 = 19.

The term 'base' refers to the number of unique digits used in a numeral system.

Place value refers to the value of a digit based on its position in a numeral.

When a p-n junction diode is forward biased, the depletion region narrows, allowing current to flow easily through the junction.

When a p-n junction diode is reverse-biased, the depletion region widens, preventing current flow.

When a p-n junction is forward biased, the depletion region narrows, allowing current to flow.

An electric field is formed at the p-n junction due to the diffusion of charge carriers.

The depletion region is the area around the p-n junction where charge carriers are depleted, creating an electric field.

The depletion region is the area around the p-n junction where charge carriers have recombined, leaving behind immobile ions.

In the p-type region of a p-n junction, holes are the majority charge carriers.

In a p-type region, holes are the predominant charge carriers.

Ratio = 3 awarded / 15 total = 1:5.

Probability = 1 / 10.

Alternate exterior angles are equal when two parallel lines are cut by a transversal. Therefore, if one angle is 120 degrees, the other alternate exterior angle is also 120 degrees.

Complementary angles sum up to 90 degrees. Therefore, the other angle = 90 - 30 = 60 degrees.

Adjacent angles on a straight line are supplementary. Therefore, the adjacent angle measures 180 - 35 = 145 degrees.

Supplementary angles sum up to 180 degrees. Therefore, the other angle is 180 - 110 = 70 degrees.

Vertically opposite angles are equal. Therefore, if one angle measures 120 degrees, the other angle also measures 120 degrees.

The equivalent resistance for resistors in parallel is given by 1/R_eq = 1/R1 + 1/R2 + 1/R3. Thus, 1/R_eq = 1/2 + 1/3 + 1/6 = 1. Therefore, R_eq = 1Ω.