Q. What is the primary advantage of using LR parsing over LL parsing?
A.
Simplicity of implementation.
B.
Ability to handle left recursion.
C.
Lower memory usage.
D.
Faster parsing speed.
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Solution
LR parsing can handle left recursion, which is a limitation of LL parsing.
Correct Answer:
B
— Ability to handle left recursion.
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Q. What is the primary advantage of using LSTMs over standard RNNs?
A.
LSTMs can process data in parallel.
B.
LSTMs have a memory cell that helps retain information over long sequences.
C.
LSTMs are simpler to implement.
D.
LSTMs require less data for training.
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Solution
LSTMs have a memory cell that allows them to retain information over long sequences, addressing the vanishing gradient problem in standard RNNs.
Correct Answer:
B
— LSTMs have a memory cell that helps retain information over long sequences.
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Q. What is the primary advantage of using Merge Sort over Quick Sort?
A.
Faster for small datasets
B.
Stable sorting
C.
In-place sorting
D.
Less memory usage
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Solution
The primary advantage of Merge Sort is that it is a stable sorting algorithm.
Correct Answer:
B
— Stable sorting
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Q. What is the primary advantage of using Quick Sort over Merge Sort?
A.
Less memory usage
B.
Stable sorting
C.
Better worst-case performance
D.
Simplicity of implementation
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Solution
The primary advantage of Quick Sort over Merge Sort is less memory usage, as Quick Sort is an in-place sorting algorithm.
Correct Answer:
A
— Less memory usage
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Q. What is the primary advantage of using Quick Sort over other algorithms?
A.
Simplicity
B.
In-place sorting
C.
Stability
D.
Low memory usage
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Solution
The primary advantage of Quick Sort is that it sorts in place, requiring minimal additional memory.
Correct Answer:
B
— In-place sorting
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Q. What is the primary advantage of using Quick Sort over other sorting algorithms?
A.
Simplicity of implementation
B.
Better average-case performance
C.
Stability
D.
Lower memory usage
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Solution
The primary advantage of using Quick Sort is its better average-case performance.
Correct Answer:
B
— Better average-case performance
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Q. What is the primary advantage of using Random Forests over a single Decision Tree?
A.
Random Forests are easier to interpret.
B.
Random Forests reduce overfitting by averaging multiple trees.
C.
Random Forests require less computational power.
D.
Random Forests can only handle categorical data.
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Solution
Random Forests reduce overfitting by averaging the predictions of multiple decision trees, leading to better generalization on unseen data.
Correct Answer:
B
— Random Forests reduce overfitting by averaging multiple trees.
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Q. What is the primary advantage of using Red-Black Trees over AVL Trees?
A.
Faster search times.
B.
Less strict balancing, leading to faster insertions and deletions.
C.
Easier implementation.
D.
Lower memory usage.
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Solution
Red-Black Trees allow for less strict balancing, which can lead to faster insertions and deletions compared to AVL Trees.
Correct Answer:
B
— Less strict balancing, leading to faster insertions and deletions.
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Q. What is the primary advantage of using SVM for classification tasks?
A.
It is computationally inexpensive
B.
It can handle high-dimensional spaces effectively
C.
It requires less training data
D.
It is always interpretable
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Solution
SVM can handle high-dimensional spaces effectively, making it suitable for complex classification tasks.
Correct Answer:
B
— It can handle high-dimensional spaces effectively
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Q. What is the primary advantage of using transfer learning in CNNs?
A.
It requires less data to train
B.
It speeds up the training process
C.
It improves model accuracy
D.
All of the above
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Solution
Transfer learning allows models to leverage pre-trained weights, which can lead to faster training, improved accuracy, and reduced data requirements.
Correct Answer:
D
— All of the above
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Q. What is the primary application of a binary search tree?
A.
Sorting data
B.
Searching for data
C.
Storing data in a linear fashion
D.
Graph representation
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Solution
Binary search trees are primarily used for efficient searching of data, allowing for average time complexity of O(log n).
Correct Answer:
B
— Searching for data
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Q. What is the primary application of a binary tree?
A.
Sorting data
B.
Storing hierarchical data
C.
Searching data
D.
All of the above
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Solution
Binary trees can be used for sorting, searching, and storing hierarchical data, making them versatile data structures.
Correct Answer:
D
— All of the above
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Q. What is the primary application of AVL trees?
A.
Implementing priority queues.
B.
Maintaining sorted data with frequent insertions and deletions.
C.
Graph traversal.
D.
Dynamic programming.
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Solution
AVL trees are primarily used for maintaining sorted data with frequent insertions and deletions due to their balanced nature.
Correct Answer:
B
— Maintaining sorted data with frequent insertions and deletions.
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Q. What is the primary application of BFS in real-world scenarios?
A.
Web crawling
B.
Pathfinding in games
C.
Network broadcasting
D.
Data serialization
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Solution
BFS is commonly used in network broadcasting to explore all nodes at the current level before moving deeper.
Correct Answer:
C
— Network broadcasting
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Q. What is the primary application of binary trees in numerical computations?
A.
Sorting data
B.
Searching data
C.
Expression parsing
D.
Graph representation
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Solution
Binary trees are primarily used in numerical computations for expression parsing, such as in expression trees.
Correct Answer:
C
— Expression parsing
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Q. What is the primary application of DFS in graph theory?
A.
Finding shortest paths
B.
Topological sorting
C.
Finding minimum spanning tree
D.
Finding connected components
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Solution
DFS is primarily used for topological sorting in directed acyclic graphs (DAGs).
Correct Answer:
B
— Topological sorting
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Q. What is the primary application of Dijkstra's algorithm?
A.
Finding the maximum element in an array
B.
Finding the shortest path in a graph
C.
Sorting an array
D.
Searching for an element in a linked list
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Solution
Dijkstra's algorithm is primarily used for finding the shortest path from a source node to all other nodes in a weighted graph.
Correct Answer:
B
— Finding the shortest path in a graph
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Q. What is the primary application of dynamic programming in algorithm design?
A.
To optimize recursive algorithms
B.
To sort data efficiently
C.
To traverse graphs
D.
To implement data structures
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Solution
Dynamic programming is primarily used to optimize recursive algorithms by storing intermediate results.
Correct Answer:
A
— To optimize recursive algorithms
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Q. What is the primary application of Heap Sort?
A.
Sorting linked lists
B.
Priority queue implementation
C.
Searching algorithms
D.
Graph algorithms
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Solution
Heap Sort is primarily used for implementing priority queues due to its efficient heap structure.
Correct Answer:
B
— Priority queue implementation
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Q. What is the primary application of level-order traversal in binary trees?
A.
Finding the height of the tree
B.
Finding the maximum element
C.
Printing nodes level by level
D.
Sorting the elements
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Solution
The primary application of level-order traversal is to print nodes level by level.
Correct Answer:
C
— Printing nodes level by level
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Q. What is the primary application of SVM in real-world scenarios?
A.
Image classification
B.
Time series forecasting
C.
Clustering
D.
Dimensionality reduction
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Solution
SVM is widely used in image classification tasks due to its effectiveness in high-dimensional spaces.
Correct Answer:
A
— Image classification
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Q. What is the primary assumption of linear regression regarding the relationship between the independent and dependent variables?
A.
The relationship is quadratic
B.
The relationship is linear
C.
The relationship is exponential
D.
The relationship is logarithmic
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Solution
Linear regression assumes a linear relationship between the independent and dependent variables.
Correct Answer:
B
— The relationship is linear
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Q. What is the primary benefit of using private IP addresses?
A.
They are routable on the internet
B.
They conserve public IP addresses
C.
They provide better security
D.
They are easier to remember
Show solution
Solution
Private IP addresses are not routable on the internet, allowing organizations to conserve public IP addresses while using them internally.
Correct Answer:
B
— They conserve public IP addresses
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Q. What is the primary characteristic of a problem that can be solved using dynamic programming?
A.
Optimal substructure
B.
Linear structure
C.
Random access
D.
Static data
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Solution
A problem that can be solved using dynamic programming must have an optimal substructure, meaning optimal solutions to subproblems can be used to construct optimal solutions to larger problems.
Correct Answer:
A
— Optimal substructure
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Q. What is the primary characteristic of a queue?
A.
Last In First Out
B.
First In First Out
C.
Random Access
D.
Sorted Order
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Solution
A queue operates on a First In First Out (FIFO) basis, meaning the first element added is the first one to be removed.
Correct Answer:
B
— First In First Out
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Q. What is the primary characteristic of dynamic programming?
A.
It uses recursion only.
B.
It solves problems by breaking them down into simpler subproblems.
C.
It is only applicable to optimization problems.
D.
It requires a sorted input.
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Solution
Dynamic programming solves problems by breaking them down into simpler subproblems and storing the results to avoid redundant calculations.
Correct Answer:
B
— It solves problems by breaking them down into simpler subproblems.
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Q. What is the primary condition for using binary search on a dataset?
A.
The dataset must be sorted
B.
The dataset must be unsorted
C.
The dataset must be of fixed size
D.
The dataset must contain unique elements
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Solution
Binary search requires the dataset to be sorted in order to efficiently locate the target value.
Correct Answer:
A
— The dataset must be sorted
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Q. What is the primary data structure used in Breadth-First Search (BFS)?
A.
Stack
B.
Queue
C.
Array
D.
Linked List
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Solution
BFS uses a queue to keep track of the nodes that need to be explored next.
Correct Answer:
B
— Queue
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Q. What is the primary data structure used in DFS?
A.
Array
B.
Stack
C.
Queue
D.
Linked List
Show solution
Solution
DFS uses a stack (either explicitly or via recursion) to keep track of vertices.
Correct Answer:
B
— Stack
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Q. What is the primary data structure used in Dijkstra's algorithm?
A.
Stack
B.
Queue
C.
Priority Queue
D.
Array
Show solution
Solution
Dijkstra's algorithm primarily uses a priority queue to efficiently fetch the next vertex with the smallest distance.
Correct Answer:
C
— Priority Queue
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