New Zealand hosted the APEC summit in 2021, focusing on trade and economic cooperation in the Asia-Pacific region.

Ukraine implemented significant judicial reforms in 2021 aimed at combating corruption and improving judicial integrity.

France is one of the five permanent members of the UN Security Council, along with the US, UK, Russia, and China, and holds veto power.

Russia is one of the five permanent members of the UN Security Council and holds veto power.

Iran is facing international sanctions due to its nuclear program and activities.

North Korea is facing international sanctions due to its ongoing nuclear weapons program.

Russia is facing extensive sanctions from various countries and organizations due to its invasion of Ukraine in 2022.

Vietnam has ongoing territorial disputes with China in the South China Sea, particularly over the Paracel and Spratly Islands.

South Africa implemented extensive electoral reforms in the 1990s to enhance democracy after the end of apartheid.

The United Arab Emirates normalized relations with Israel in 2020 as part of the Abraham Accords.

Russia was notably absent from the 2021 G20 summit, which raised concerns about its engagement in global economic discussions.

The United States was the first country to recognize South Sudan's independence on July 9, 2011.

Ukraine was the first country to sign an Association Agreement under the ENP in 2014.

The United States was the first country to announce its withdrawal from the Paris Agreement in 2017.

The United States was the first country to withdraw from the Paris Agreement, officially doing so in 2020 under the Trump administration.

The single transferable vote system is designed to ensure proportional representation in elections.

World War II is often cited as the catalyst for the establishment of the United Nations, which was founded in 1945 to prevent such conflicts.

Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi visited China in 2015 to strengthen bilateral ties.

Prime Minister Narendra Modi visited the United States in 2016, emphasizing the importance of India-US relations.

The United Nations Development Programme provides guidelines for judicial reforms to ensure compliance with human rights standards.

India and China both joined the Shanghai Cooperation Organization in 2001, which focuses on regional cooperation.

The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) focuses on economic cooperation and development.

The COP26 climate conference in 2021 was hosted by the United Nations, specifically under the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC).

The annual World Economic Forum in Davos is hosted by the World Economic Forum Foundation.

The United Nations often monitors elections in member countries to ensure they are conducted fairly.

The United Nations often monitors judicial reforms as part of its commitment to promoting human rights and the rule of law.

The Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) was established to promote economic cooperation in the Asia-Pacific region.

The European Union (EU) was established to promote economic cooperation and integration in Europe after World War II.

The G20 Summit in 2021 included discussions on the digital economy and technology governance as part of its agenda.

The G20 Summit focuses on the cooperation of the world's largest economies.