A gas chromatograph is an analytical instrument used for separating and analyzing compounds, not a type of bioreactor.

Glassware can be sterilized using dry heat, as it can withstand high temperatures without damage.

Temperature is a crucial parameter that affects microbial metabolism and product yield in fermentation reactors.

Filtration is the process used to remove suspended solids from water.

Radiation sterilization is most effective for heat-sensitive materials, as it does not involve high temperatures.

Centrifugation is commonly used to separate cells and debris from the fermentation broth.

Mechanical agitation is commonly used to ensure thorough mixing of intravenous drug solutions.

Lactic acid fermentation occurs in muscle cells during intense exercise when oxygen levels are low.

Continuous stirred-tank reactors (CSTR) allow for continuous input and output, maintaining a steady state of operation.

Microfiltration uses a membrane to separate contaminants from water.

Competitive inhibition can be overcome by increasing substrate concentration, as it competes with the substrate for the active site.

Fungi, particularly species like Penicillium, are commonly used in the production of antibiotics.

All of the mentioned supports, including cellulose, silica gel, and polyacrylamide, are commonly used for enzyme immobilization.