Data latency refers to the time delay between when data is generated and when it becomes available for analysis in a data warehouse.

Denormalization refers to the process of increasing redundancy in a database to improve performance, often at the cost of data integrity.

Functional dependency means that one attribute uniquely determines another attribute in a relation.

Horizontal partitioning refers to dividing a database into smaller databases based on rows, which can improve performance and manageability.

A business rule defines constraints on how data can be created, stored, and modified in a database.

High transaction volume can lead to challenges in concurrency control, especially when multiple users are querying large datasets simultaneously.

Network latency is a common challenge in distributed databases as it can affect the speed and efficiency of data access and transactions.

Not normalizing a database can lead to data redundancy, which can cause inconsistencies and anomalies.

Data inconsistency is a common issue in data warehousing due to the integration of data from multiple sources.

The two-phase commit protocol is commonly used to ensure data consistency during transactions.

Dimension tables contain descriptive attributes that provide context to the facts stored in the fact tables.

A distributed database is a database that is spread across multiple locations, which can be on different servers or geographical locations.

A federated database system is a collection of autonomous databases that appear as one, allowing for distributed data access while maintaining individual database autonomy.

A foreign key is a field (or collection of fields) in one table that uniquely identifies a row of another table.

A foreign key is a primary key in another table that establishes a relationship between the two tables.

A functional dependency describes a constraint between two attributes in a relation, indicating that the value of one attribute is determined by the value of another.

Data warehousing improves data quality by consolidating data from various sources and ensuring consistency.

Object-Oriented Databases support complex data types, allowing for the representation of real-world entities more effectively.

A major disadvantage of distributed databases is the higher complexity in management due to the need to coordinate multiple nodes and ensure data consistency.

Normalization can lead to more complex queries due to the need for joins between multiple tables.

Object-Oriented Databases can introduce higher complexity in design due to their advanced features and data structures.

Concurrent transactions can lead to data inconsistency if not managed properly, as multiple transactions may attempt to read and write the same data simultaneously.

A primary key is a unique identifier for a record in a table, ensuring that no two records can have the same primary key value.

A primary key is a unique identifier for each instance of an entity, ensuring that no two instances are the same.

A primary key is a unique identifier for a record in a database table, ensuring that no two records can have the same key value.

A star schema is a type of database design that consists of a central fact table surrounded by dimension tables, facilitating easier data retrieval.

A surrogate key is a key that is created for the purpose of uniquely identifying a record, often an auto-incremented number.

A transaction is a sequence of operations that are treated as a single unit of work, ensuring data integrity.

A transaction is a sequence of operations that are executed as a single unit of work.

A transaction is a single unit of work that must be completed in its entirety to maintain data integrity.