Clay has lower drainage capacity compared to sandy soil.

Volume of water = Porosity × Volume of soil = 0.3 × 100 m³ = 30 m³.

Weight of water = Moisture content × Dry weight = 0.25 × 200 kg = 50 kg.

Weight of water = Moisture content x Weight of dry soil = 0.25 x 200 kg = 50 kg.

Water holding capacity = Soil moisture content × Volume of soil = 0.30 × 1000 liters = 300 liters.

Ksp = [Ag+][Cl-] = s^2, thus s = sqrt(1.77 x 10^-10) = 1.77 x 10^-5 M.

Substituting x = 2 into the equation gives 4(2) + 5y = 20, leading to y = 0.

Minimum votes required = (500/2) + 1 = 251.

Simple majority = (545/2) + 1 = 273.

A simple majority requires more than half, so (545/2) + 1 = 274 votes are needed.

Frequency f = v/λ = 300 m/s / 3 m = 100 Hz.

Centripetal acceleration a_c = v²/r. If v is doubled, a_c increases by a factor of 4.

The speed of light in a medium is given by v = c/n. Thus, v = (3 x 10^8 m/s) / 1.33 ≈ 2.26 x 10^8 m/s.

To convert m/s to km/s, divide by 1000. Therefore, 3 x 10^8 m/s = 300000 km/s.

Using the formula c = fλ, where c = 3 x 10^8 m/s and f = 6 x 10^14 Hz. Thus, λ = c/f = (3 x 10^8)/(6 x 10^14) = 500 nm.

The speed of light in a medium is given by v = c/n, where c is the speed of light in vacuum and n is the refractive index. Thus, v = 3 x 10^8 m/s / 1.5 = 2 x 10^8 m/s.

Speed of light in a medium = speed of light in vacuum / refractive index = (3 x 10^8 m/s) / 1.5 = 2 x 10^8 m/s.

The speed of light in a medium is given by v = c/n. Therefore, v = (3 x 10^8 m/s) / 1.5 = 2 x 10^8 m/s.

Speed of light in medium = c/n = (3 x 10^8 m/s) / 1.5 = 2 x 10^8 m/s.

To convert m/s to km/s, divide by 1000. Therefore, 3 x 10^8 m/s = 3 x 10^5 km/s.

Time = distance/speed = 1000 m / 340 m/s ≈ 2.94 s.

A standard deviation of 0 indicates that all values in the data set are the same.

Variance = (Standard Deviation)^2 = 3^2 = 9.

Variance = (Standard Deviation)² = 4² = 16.

Variance is the square of the standard deviation. Variance = 5² = 25.

Variance is the square of the standard deviation. Therefore, variance = 7² = 49.

Variance is the square of the standard deviation. Therefore, variance = 3² = 9.

If all squares are rectangles, it implies that there are rectangles that are not squares, thus some rectangles are not squares.

The conclusion 'Some mammals are cats' is valid because all cats being mammals implies that there are mammals that are cats.

Since all cats are mammals and some mammals are not dogs, it follows that some cats are not dogs.