Meiosis is the process that allows for genetic variation in plant populations, which is essential for evolution.

Hybridization allows for the transfer of genetic material between different plant species, leading to new varieties.

Evolution allows plants to adapt to different environments over time through mechanisms like natural selection.

Photosynthesis is the process by which plants convert light energy into chemical energy stored in glucose.

Photosynthesis is the process by which plants convert sunlight into chemical energy, producing glucose and oxygen.

Mutation introduces new genetic variations, which can lead to the evolution of new traits in response to environmental changes.

Vegetative propagation is a form of asexual reproduction where new plants grow from runners or stolons.

All types of selection (stabilizing, directional, and disruptive) can lead to rapid evolution of plant traits in response to environmental pressures.

Photosynthesis converts light energy into chemical energy stored in glucose.

Replication is the process by which DNA is copied to produce two identical DNA molecules.

Crossing over is the process where homologous chromosomes exchange genetic material, increasing genetic diversity.

Phototropism is the growth of a plant in response to light direction.

Phototropism is the growth of a plant towards light, driven by differential growth rates.

Photosynthesis is the process that converts light energy into chemical energy in the form of glucose.

Inheritance is the process by which genetic material is passed from parents to offspring.

Pollination is the process of transferring pollen to enable fertilization.

Transpiration is the process that drives the movement of water from the roots through the plant to the leaves.

Transpiration creates a negative pressure in the leaves, which pulls water upward through the xylem.

Carbon fixation occurs during the dark reactions, specifically in the Calvin cycle.

Water splitting occurs during the light reactions, producing oxygen and electrons.

Carbon fixation occurs during the dark reactions of photosynthesis.

Apomixis allows plants to produce seeds asexually, bypassing the need for fertilization, which can be advantageous in stable environments.

Cross-pollination relies on flowers to attract specific pollinators, facilitating genetic exchange and diversity among plant populations.

The gametophyte stage is where gametes are produced in the plant life cycle.

The ovary of the flower develops into fruit after fertilization, enclosing the seeds.

Chloroplasts are the organelles that contain chlorophyll and are the site of photosynthesis.

The Golgi apparatus modifies, sorts, and packages proteins for secretion or delivery to other organelles.

The nucleus contains the cell's genetic material (DNA) and is responsible for storing and managing genetic information.

Mitochondria are responsible for synthesizing ATP through the process of cellular respiration.

The plasma membrane is selectively permeable, controlling the entry and exit of substances in and out of the cell.