Inside a long solenoid, the magnetic field is uniform and parallel to the axis of the solenoid, provided the solenoid is long enough.

According to Ohm's Law, current (I) is directly proportional to voltage (V) when resistance (R) is constant.

A concave lens diverges light rays, and it has a negative focal length.

A convex mirror always forms virtual images and has a negative focal length.

A plane mirror always forms a virtual image that is the same size as the object and is erect.

A concave lens always forms a virtual image that cannot be projected on a screen; hence, a real image cannot be formed.

An ideal gas is considered to have no volume and no intermolecular forces, making option D correct.

For capacitors in parallel, the total capacitance is the sum of the individual capacitances: C_total = C₁ + C₂ + ...

Electric current flows from positive to negative in a circuit.

Laminar flow is characterized by smooth and orderly fluid motion, typically occurring at low velocities.

A solenoid produces a uniform magnetic field inside and negligible field outside when it is long compared to its diameter.

The magnetic field around a long straight conductor decreases with distance from the conductor, following the inverse relationship.

Inside a long solenoid, the magnetic field is uniform and parallel to the axis of the solenoid, provided the solenoid is long enough.

The energy of the emitted photon is highest for the transition from n=2 to n=1, as it involves the largest difference in energy levels.

The unit used to measure electric current is Ampere (A).

Sound waves require a medium (solid, liquid, or gas) for propagation, while electromagnetic waves do not.

Sound waves require a medium (solid, liquid, or gas) to travel, while electromagnetic waves can travel through a vacuum.

Electrons, particularly those in the outer shell, determine the chemical properties of an atom.

Jupiter has the highest gravitational acceleration among the planets in our solar system, approximately 24.79 m/s².

Pascal's Principle states that pressure applied to a confined fluid is transmitted undiminished in all directions.

Bernoulli's Principle states that an increase in the speed of a fluid occurs simultaneously with a decrease in pressure.

Elasticity is the property that allows a material to return to its original shape after deformation.

Viscosity is the property of fluids that describes their resistance to flow.

Gamma rays have the highest penetrating power among the types of radiation, able to pass through most materials.

P-type semiconductors have a higher concentration of holes compared to N-type semiconductors.

Doping silicon with phosphorus creates an n-type semiconductor due to the addition of extra electrons.