Botany is the branch of Biology that focuses on the study of plants , their structure, functions, growth, reproduction, and role in the environment. This category is curated for school students (Classes 6–12) and undergraduate learners to build strong fundamentals with exam-focused clarity.
In this section, you’ll explore:
Plant morphology, anatomy, and physiology explained step-by-step
Reproduction in plants , development, and life cycles
Cell biology, genetics, and biotechnology concepts related to plants
Ecology and plant diversity with real-world relevance
Important questions, MCQs, diagrams, and revision notes for exams
The content is aligned with NCERT , school boards, and UG syllabi , making it highly useful for school exams, NEET preparation, and college assessments . Concepts are explained in simple language with a focus on understanding, not rote learning.
Build a strong foundation in plant sciences and master Botany with confidence.
Q. Which plant structure is primarily responsible for the uptake of water and minerals?
A.
Leaves
B.
Stems
C.
Roots
D.
Flowers
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Solution
Roots are responsible for the uptake of water and minerals from the soil.
Correct Answer:
C
— Roots
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Q. Which plant structure is primarily responsible for water absorption?
A.
Leaves
B.
Stems
C.
Roots
D.
Flowers
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Solution
Roots are primarily responsible for water absorption, anchoring the plant and facilitating nutrient uptake.
Correct Answer:
C
— Roots
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Q. Which plant structure is primarily responsible for water uptake?
A.
Leaves
B.
Roots
C.
Stems
D.
Flowers
Show solution
Solution
Roots are primarily responsible for the uptake of water and nutrients from the soil.
Correct Answer:
B
— Roots
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Q. Which plant structure is responsible for attracting pollinators?
A.
Stamen
B.
Pistil
C.
Petal
D.
Sepal
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Solution
Petals are often brightly colored and fragrant, serving to attract pollinators to the flower.
Correct Answer:
C
— Petal
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Q. Which plant structure is responsible for the production of pollen?
A.
Stigma
B.
Anther
C.
Ovary
D.
Style
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Solution
The anther is the part of the stamen that produces pollen.
Correct Answer:
B
— Anther
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Q. Which plant structure is responsible for the production of seeds?
A.
Flower
B.
Leaf
C.
Root
D.
Stem
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Solution
The flower is the reproductive structure in angiosperms responsible for the production of seeds.
Correct Answer:
A
— Flower
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Q. Which plant tissue is involved in the transport of hormones and signaling molecules?
A.
Xylem
B.
Phloem
C.
Parenchyma
D.
Sclerenchyma
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Solution
Phloem not only transports sugars but also plays a role in the transport of hormones and signaling molecules throughout the plant.
Correct Answer:
B
— Phloem
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Q. Which plant tissue is primarily involved in photosynthesis?
A.
Xylem
B.
Phloem
C.
Mesophyll
D.
Sclerenchyma
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Solution
Mesophyll tissue, located in the leaves, contains chloroplasts and is primarily responsible for photosynthesis.
Correct Answer:
C
— Mesophyll
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Q. Which plant tissue is primarily involved in the healing of wounds?
A.
Parenchyma
B.
Collenchyma
C.
Sclerenchyma
D.
Meristematic
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Solution
Parenchyma tissue can divide and differentiate to help heal wounds in plants.
Correct Answer:
A
— Parenchyma
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Q. Which plant tissue is primarily involved in the storage of food and nutrients?
A.
Parenchyma
B.
Sclerenchyma
C.
Xylem
D.
Phloem
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Solution
Parenchyma tissue is often involved in the storage of food, particularly starch, and can also serve in other functions like photosynthesis.
Correct Answer:
A
— Parenchyma
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Q. Which plant tissue is primarily involved in the storage of food?
A.
Xylem
B.
Phloem
C.
Parenchyma
D.
Sclerenchyma
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Solution
Parenchyma tissue is often involved in the storage of food, particularly starch, in various plant organs.
Correct Answer:
C
— Parenchyma
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Q. Which plant tissue is primarily involved in the storage of starch?
A.
Parenchyma
B.
Collenchyma
C.
Sclerenchyma
D.
Xylem
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Solution
Parenchyma cells often store starch and other carbohydrates, making them essential for energy storage.
Correct Answer:
A
— Parenchyma
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Q. Which plant tissue is primarily involved in the transport of nutrients and photosynthates?
A.
Xylem
B.
Phloem
C.
Cortex
D.
Sclerenchyma
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Solution
Phloem is primarily involved in the transport of nutrients and photosynthates throughout the plant.
Correct Answer:
B
— Phloem
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Q. Which plant tissue is primarily involved in the transport of sugars?
A.
Xylem
B.
Phloem
C.
Meristematic tissue
D.
Sclerenchyma
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Solution
Phloem is responsible for the transport of sugars and other metabolic products downward from the leaves.
Correct Answer:
B
— Phloem
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Q. Which plant tissue is primarily responsible for the storage of starch?
A.
Sclerenchyma
B.
Parenchyma
C.
Collenchyma
D.
Phloem
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Solution
Parenchyma cells are often involved in the storage of starch and other nutrients.
Correct Answer:
B
— Parenchyma
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Q. Which plant tissue is primarily responsible for the transport of organic compounds?
A.
Xylem
B.
Phloem
C.
Parenchyma
D.
Sclerenchyma
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Solution
Phloem is responsible for the transport of organic compounds, particularly sugars, throughout the plant.
Correct Answer:
B
— Phloem
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Q. Which plant tissue is responsible for secondary growth?
A.
Cortex
B.
Phloem
C.
Vascular cambium
D.
Epidermis
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Solution
Vascular cambium is responsible for secondary growth, producing additional xylem and phloem.
Correct Answer:
C
— Vascular cambium
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Q. Which plant tissue is responsible for the formation of new vascular tissues?
A.
Cork cambium
B.
Vascular cambium
C.
Parenchyma
D.
Phloem
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Solution
The vascular cambium is responsible for the production of new xylem and phloem tissues in plants.
Correct Answer:
B
— Vascular cambium
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Q. Which plant-derived compound is commonly used to lower cholesterol levels?
A.
Saponins
B.
Alkaloids
C.
Flavonoids
D.
Phenolics
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Solution
Saponins can help lower cholesterol levels by binding to bile acids.
Correct Answer:
A
— Saponins
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Q. Which plant-derived compound is known for its potential to lower cholesterol levels?
A.
Beta-glucans
B.
Saponins
C.
Alkaloids
D.
Terpenes
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Solution
Beta-glucans, found in oats and barley, are known to help lower cholesterol levels.
Correct Answer:
A
— Beta-glucans
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Q. Which plant-derived compound is known for its potential to reduce cholesterol levels?
A.
Beta-glucans
B.
Tannins
C.
Saponins
D.
Alkaloids
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Solution
Beta-glucans, found in oats and barley, are known to help lower cholesterol levels.
Correct Answer:
A
— Beta-glucans
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Q. Which plant-derived substance is commonly used to lower cholesterol levels?
A.
Psyllium
B.
Ginger
C.
Garlic
D.
Turmeric
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Solution
Garlic is known for its ability to lower cholesterol levels and improve heart health.
Correct Answer:
C
— Garlic
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Q. Which plant-derived substance is known for its ability to enhance immune function?
A.
Echinacea
B.
Lavender
C.
Chamomile
D.
Ginger
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Solution
Echinacea is widely recognized for its immune-boosting properties.
Correct Answer:
A
— Echinacea
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Q. Which plant-derived substance is known for its ability to lower cholesterol levels?
A.
Beta-glucans
B.
Tannins
C.
Saponins
D.
Alkaloids
Show solution
Solution
Beta-glucans, found in oats and barley, are known to help lower cholesterol levels.
Correct Answer:
A
— Beta-glucans
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Q. Which plant-derived substance is known for its potential to lower cholesterol levels?
A.
Psyllium
B.
Caffeine
C.
Tannins
D.
Saponins
Show solution
Solution
Psyllium, a soluble fiber from the psyllium plant, can help lower cholesterol levels.
Correct Answer:
A
— Psyllium
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Q. Which plant-derived substance is known to have antimicrobial properties?
A.
Eucalyptus oil
B.
Coconut oil
C.
Olive oil
D.
Sunflower oil
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Solution
Eucalyptus oil has been recognized for its antimicrobial properties.
Correct Answer:
A
— Eucalyptus oil
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Q. Which plant-derived substance is known to lower cholesterol levels in humans?
A.
Psyllium
B.
Saponins
C.
Tannins
D.
Resins
Show solution
Solution
Psyllium, derived from the psyllium seed, is effective in lowering cholesterol.
Correct Answer:
A
— Psyllium
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Q. Which plant-derived substance is known to lower cholesterol levels?
A.
Beta-glucans
B.
Tannins
C.
Saponins
D.
Alkaloids
Show solution
Solution
Beta-glucans, found in oats and barley, are known to help lower cholesterol levels.
Correct Answer:
A
— Beta-glucans
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Q. Which plant-derived substance is often used to treat anxiety and promote relaxation?
A.
Valerian root
B.
Echinacea
C.
Ginger
D.
Peppermint
Show solution
Solution
Valerian root is commonly used in herbal medicine for its calming effects and ability to reduce anxiety.
Correct Answer:
A
— Valerian root
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Q. Which plant-derived substance is used to lower cholesterol levels?
A.
Psyllium
B.
Caffeine
C.
Tannins
D.
Saponins
Show solution
Solution
Psyllium, a soluble fiber from the psyllium plant, is effective in lowering cholesterol.
Correct Answer:
A
— Psyllium
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