Alcoholic fermentation is the primary fermentation process used in beer production.

Biosensors are designed to detect specific biological analytes, such as glucose or pathogens, by converting a biological response into an electrical signal.

Cloning vectors are used primarily to amplify specific DNA sequences.

Chromosomes are structures that carry genetic information in the form of DNA, which is essential for inheritance and cellular function.

R genes are known to confer resistance to specific pathogens in plants.

The primary function of the root system is nutrient absorption from the soil.

The primary goal of biofortification is to enhance the nutritional content of food crops to combat malnutrition.

The Montreal Protocol aims to phase out substances that deplete the ozone layer.

Excessive alcohol consumption is primarily associated with liver disease.

Vinegar may aid in weight loss primarily through appetite suppression.

Monoclonal antibodies work by specifically binding to antigens, blocking their function or marking them for destruction.

Penicillin works by disrupting the synthesis of the bacterial cell wall, leading to cell lysis.

Fermentation is the primary method of ethanol production from sugarcane, where sugars are converted into ethanol by yeast.

Agrobacterium-mediated transformation is the most widely used method for gene transfer in plants due to its efficiency and ability to integrate genes into the plant genome.

Saccharomyces cerevisiae, commonly known as baker's or brewer's yeast, is the primary microorganism used in the fermentation process for ethanol production.

Transgenic animals are primarily created to produce proteins for medical use, such as therapeutic proteins and antibodies.

The primary purpose of distillation in ethanol production is to separate ethanol from water and other components to achieve higher purity.

Drug synthesis aims to create new compounds, improve efficacy, and reduce side effects.

Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium is designed to provide essential macro and micronutrients necessary for plant cell growth and development.

The primary purpose of plant biotechnology is to enhance crop yield and resistance to pests and diseases.

Plant cell culture is primarily used to produce genetically identical plants through tissue culture techniques.

The Clean Air Act is designed to control air pollution on a national level.

Animal cell culture allows researchers to study cellular processes in a controlled environment, providing insights into biology and disease.

Molecular markers are used to track the inheritance of specific traits in breeding programs.

Vectors are primarily used to introduce foreign DNA into animal cells for various applications, including gene expression and protein production.

Nitrogen fixation is the process by which atmospheric nitrogen is converted into ammonia, a form that plants can use for growth.

Special proteins can enhance a plant's resistance to pests, making them more resilient and improving crop yields.

Ethanol is the primary type of alcohol found in both beer and wine.

Vancomycin is primarily used to treat serious infections caused by gram-positive bacteria.

Photosynthesis is the process where plants convert light energy into chemical energy stored in glucose.