Electrostatics & Circuits MCQ & Objective Questions
Understanding "Electrostatics & Circuits" is crucial for students preparing for school and competitive exams in India. This topic not only forms a significant part of the syllabus but also features prominently in various objective questions and MCQs. By practicing these questions, students can enhance their grasp of concepts and improve their chances of scoring better in exams.
What You Will Practise Here
Fundamental concepts of electrostatics, including charge, electric field, and potential.
Key formulas related to Coulomb's law and electric field strength.
Understanding of capacitors, their types, and applications in circuits.
Basic circuit theory, including Ohm's law and Kirchhoff's laws.
Analysis of series and parallel circuits with practical examples.
Diagrams illustrating electric field lines and circuit schematics.
Problem-solving strategies for common electrostatics and circuit-related questions.
Exam Relevance
The topics of Electrostatics and Circuits are integral to the curriculum of CBSE, State Boards, NEET, and JEE. Students can expect questions that test their understanding of theoretical concepts as well as practical applications. Common question patterns include numerical problems, conceptual MCQs, and diagram-based questions that require a clear understanding of the subject matter.
Common Mistakes Students Make
Confusing the concepts of electric field and electric potential.
Misapplying Ohm's law in complex circuits.
Overlooking the significance of units in calculations.
Failing to interpret circuit diagrams accurately.
Neglecting to review the properties of capacitors and their behavior in circuits.
FAQs
Question: What are the key formulas I should remember for Electrostatics?Answer: Important formulas include Coulomb's law (F = k * |q1 * q2| / r²) and the formula for electric field (E = F/q).
Question: How can I improve my performance in circuit-related MCQs?Answer: Practice solving circuit problems regularly and familiarize yourself with different circuit configurations.
Question: Are there any specific topics I should focus on for competitive exams?Answer: Focus on understanding capacitors, circuit laws, and the relationship between voltage, current, and resistance.
Now is the time to boost your exam preparation! Dive into our practice MCQs on Electrostatics & Circuits and test your understanding to achieve your academic goals.
Q. If two resistors, R1 and R2, are in series, what is the equivalent resistance (R_eq)?
A.
R_eq = R1 + R2
B.
R_eq = R1 * R2
C.
R_eq = R1 / R2
D.
R_eq = R1 - R2
Show solution
Solution
The equivalent resistance of resistors in series is given by R_eq = R1 + R2.
Correct Answer:
A
— R_eq = R1 + R2
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Q. In a circuit with a 12 V battery and a 4 Ω resistor, what is the current flowing through the circuit?
A.
3 A
B.
2 A
C.
4 A
D.
1 A
Show solution
Solution
Using Ohm's law, I = V/R = 12 V / 4 Ω = 3 A.
Correct Answer:
B
— 2 A
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Q. In a circuit with a 12 V battery and a resistor of 4 Ω, what is the current flowing through the circuit?
A.
3 A
B.
4 A
C.
2 A
D.
6 A
Show solution
Solution
Using Ohm's Law: I = V/R = 12 V / 4 Ω = 3 A.
Correct Answer:
A
— 3 A
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Q. In a circuit with a 12V battery and two resistors in series (4Ω and 8Ω), what is the voltage drop across the 8Ω resistor?
Show solution
Solution
Total resistance = 4Ω + 8Ω = 12Ω. Current I = V / R = 12V / 12Ω = 1A. Voltage drop across 8Ω = I * R = 1A * 8Ω = 8V.
Correct Answer:
B
— 6V
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Q. In a circuit with a 24V battery and a total resistance of 6Ω, what is the total current flowing through the circuit?
Show solution
Solution
Using Ohm's Law, I = V / R = 24V / 6Ω = 4A.
Correct Answer:
A
— 4A
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Q. In a circuit with a 24V battery and two resistors in series (4Ω and 8Ω), what is the voltage drop across the 8Ω resistor?
A.
8V
B.
12V
C.
16V
D.
20V
Show solution
Solution
Total resistance R = 4Ω + 8Ω = 12Ω. Current I = V/R = 24V / 12Ω = 2A. Voltage drop across 8Ω = I * R = 2A * 8Ω = 16V.
Correct Answer:
B
— 12V
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Q. In a circuit with a 24V battery and two resistors in series (8Ω and 4Ω), what is the voltage drop across the 4Ω resistor?
A.
6 V
B.
8 V
C.
12 V
D.
4 V
Show solution
Solution
Total resistance = 8Ω + 4Ω = 12Ω. Current I = V/R = 24V / 12Ω = 2A. Voltage drop across 4Ω = I * R = 2A * 4Ω = 8 V.
Correct Answer:
A
— 6 V
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Q. In a circuit with a 24V power supply and two resistors of 8Ω and 4Ω in series, what is the voltage drop across the 4Ω resistor?
A.
4.8 V
B.
8 V
C.
12 V
D.
16 V
Show solution
Solution
Total resistance R = 8Ω + 4Ω = 12Ω. Current I = V/R = 24V / 12Ω = 2A. Voltage drop V_R = I * R = 2A * 4Ω = 8 V.
Correct Answer:
C
— 12 V
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Q. In a discharging RC circuit, what is the expression for the voltage across the capacitor at time t?
A.
V = V0*e^(-t/RC)
B.
V = V0*(1 - e^(-t/RC))
C.
V = V0*t
D.
V = V0/t
Show solution
Solution
In a discharging RC circuit, the voltage across the capacitor at time t is given by V = V0*e^(-t/RC), where V0 is the initial voltage.
Correct Answer:
A
— V = V0*e^(-t/RC)
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Q. In a parallel circuit with a 12 V battery and two resistors of 4 Ω and 6 Ω, what is the total current supplied by the battery?
A.
2 A
B.
3 A
C.
4 A
D.
1 A
Show solution
Solution
Total resistance, R_eq = 1/(1/4 + 1/6) = 2.4 Ω. Total current, I = V/R_eq = 12 V / 2.4 Ω = 5 A.
Correct Answer:
B
— 3 A
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Q. In a parallel circuit with a 12 V battery, what is the voltage across each branch?
A.
12 V
B.
6 V
C.
24 V
D.
0 V
Show solution
Solution
In a parallel circuit, the voltage across each branch is equal to the source voltage, which is 12 V.
Correct Answer:
A
— 12 V
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Q. In a parallel circuit with a 12 V supply, what is the voltage across each resistor?
A.
12 V
B.
6 V
C.
24 V
D.
0 V
Show solution
Solution
In a parallel circuit, the voltage across each component is equal to the supply voltage, so it is 12 V.
Correct Answer:
A
— 12 V
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Q. In a parallel circuit with a 12V battery and two resistors (4Ω and 12Ω), what is the total current supplied by the battery?
A.
1 A
B.
2 A
C.
3 A
D.
4 A
Show solution
Solution
Total current I = V/R_total. R_total = 1/(1/4 + 1/12) = 3Ω. I = 12V / 3Ω = 4 A.
Correct Answer:
C
— 3 A
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Q. In a parallel circuit with a total voltage of 12 V, what is the voltage across each resistor?
A.
6 V
B.
12 V
C.
24 V
D.
0 V
Show solution
Solution
In a parallel circuit, the voltage across each resistor is equal to the total voltage, so it is 12 V.
Correct Answer:
B
— 12 V
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Q. In a parallel circuit with three resistors of 2Ω, 3Ω, and 6Ω, what is the total resistance?
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Solution
1/Rtotal = 1/R1 + 1/R2 + 1/R3 = 1/2 + 1/3 + 1/6 = 1Ω.
Correct Answer:
A
— 1Ω
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Q. In a parallel circuit with two resistors of 6 ohms and 12 ohms, what is the equivalent resistance?
A.
4 ohms
B.
8 ohms
C.
2 ohms
D.
3 ohms
Show solution
Solution
For parallel resistors, 1/R_eq = 1/R1 + 1/R2. Here, 1/R_eq = 1/6 + 1/12 = 2/12 + 1/12 = 3/12, so R_eq = 4 ohms.
Correct Answer:
A
— 4 ohms
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Q. In a parallel circuit with two resistors of 6Ω and 12Ω, what is the total resistance?
Show solution
Solution
1/R_eq = 1/R1 + 1/R2 = 1/6 + 1/12 = 1/4. Therefore, R_eq = 4Ω.
Correct Answer:
A
— 4Ω
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Q. In a parallel RC circuit, what happens to the total current as the capacitor charges?
A.
It increases.
B.
It decreases.
C.
It remains constant.
D.
It oscillates.
Show solution
Solution
As the capacitor charges, the current through the capacitor decreases, leading to a decrease in total current.
Correct Answer:
B
— It decreases.
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Q. In a parallel RC circuit, what happens to the voltage across the capacitor as time approaches infinity?
A.
It approaches zero
B.
It approaches the supply voltage
C.
It oscillates
D.
It becomes negative
Show solution
Solution
In a parallel RC circuit, as time approaches infinity, the voltage across the capacitor approaches the supply voltage.
Correct Answer:
B
— It approaches the supply voltage
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Q. In a series circuit with a 10 Ω and a 20 Ω resistor, what is the total resistance?
A.
10 Ω
B.
20 Ω
C.
30 Ω
D.
5 Ω
Show solution
Solution
Total resistance in series is R_total = R1 + R2 = 10 Ω + 20 Ω = 30 Ω.
Correct Answer:
C
— 30 Ω
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Q. In a series circuit with a 12 V battery and two resistors of 3 Ω and 6 Ω, what is the current flowing through the circuit?
A.
1 A
B.
2 A
C.
3 A
D.
4 A
Show solution
Solution
Total resistance R_total = R1 + R2 = 3 Ω + 6 Ω = 9 Ω. Current I = V/R_total = 12 V / 9 Ω = 1.33 A, approximately 1 A.
Correct Answer:
B
— 2 A
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Q. In a series circuit with a 12 V battery and two resistors of 4 Ω and 6 Ω, what is the voltage across the 4 Ω resistor?
A.
4.8 V
B.
6 V
C.
8 V
D.
3.6 V
Show solution
Solution
Total resistance R = 4 Ω + 6 Ω = 10 Ω. Current I = V/R = 12 V / 10 Ω = 1.2 A. Voltage across 4 Ω = I * R = 1.2 A * 4 Ω = 4.8 V.
Correct Answer:
A
— 4.8 V
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Q. In a series circuit with a 12 V battery and two resistors of 4 Ω and 6 Ω, what is the current flowing through the circuit?
A.
1.2 A
B.
0.8 A
C.
2 A
D.
1 A
Show solution
Solution
Total resistance R = R1 + R2 = 4 Ω + 6 Ω = 10 Ω. Current I = V/R = 12 V / 10 Ω = 1.2 A.
Correct Answer:
A
— 1.2 A
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Q. In a series circuit with a 12V battery and two resistors (4Ω and 6Ω), what is the total current flowing through the circuit?
A.
0.5 A
B.
1 A
C.
1.2 A
D.
2 A
Show solution
Solution
Total resistance R = R1 + R2 = 4Ω + 6Ω = 10Ω. Current I = V/R = 12V / 10Ω = 1.2 A.
Correct Answer:
B
— 1 A
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Q. In a series circuit with a 12V battery and two resistors of 4Ω and 6Ω, what is the total current flowing through the circuit?
Show solution
Solution
The total resistance in series is R_total = R1 + R2 = 4Ω + 6Ω = 10Ω. Using Ohm's law, I = V/R_total = 12V / 10Ω = 1.2A.
Correct Answer:
B
— 2A
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Q. In a series circuit with two capacitors of capacitance 3 µF and 6 µF, what is the total capacitance?
A.
2 µF
B.
1 µF
C.
9 µF
D.
4 µF
Show solution
Solution
Total capacitance in series is given by 1/C_total = 1/C1 + 1/C2. Thus, 1/C_total = 1/3 + 1/6 = 1/2, so C_total = 2 µF.
Correct Answer:
A
— 2 µF
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Q. In a series circuit with two resistors R1 and R2, what is the total resistance (R_total)?
A.
R_total = R1 + R2
B.
R_total = R1 * R2 / (R1 + R2)
C.
R_total = R1 - R2
D.
R_total = R1 / R2
Show solution
Solution
In a series circuit, the total resistance is simply the sum of the individual resistances: R_total = R1 + R2.
Correct Answer:
A
— R_total = R1 + R2
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Q. In a series RC circuit, how does the total impedance (Z) relate to resistance (R) and reactance (Xc)?
A.
Z = R + Xc
B.
Z = R - Xc
C.
Z = R*Xc
D.
Z = R/Xc
Show solution
Solution
In a series RC circuit, the total impedance is given by Z = R + Xc, where Xc is the capacitive reactance.
Correct Answer:
A
— Z = R + Xc
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Q. In a series RC circuit, if the resistance is doubled, how does the time constant change?
A.
It remains the same.
B.
It doubles.
C.
It halves.
D.
It quadruples.
Show solution
Solution
The time constant τ = R * C, so if R is doubled, τ also doubles.
Correct Answer:
B
— It doubles.
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Q. In a series RC circuit, if the resistance is doubled, what happens to the time constant?
A.
It remains the same.
B.
It doubles.
C.
It halves.
D.
It quadruples.
Show solution
Solution
The time constant τ = R * C will double if the resistance R is doubled, assuming capacitance C remains constant.
Correct Answer:
B
— It doubles.
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