The continuity equation states that the product of the cross-sectional area (A) and the velocity (V) of a fluid remains constant along a streamline.

In a face-centered cubic (FCC) lattice, each atom is surrounded by 6 other atoms, giving it a coordination number of 6.

In a face-centered cubic (FCC) structure, each atom is in contact with 12 other atoms, giving it a coordination number of 12.

In the complex [Co(NH3)6]3+, there are six ammonia (NH3) ligands coordinated to the cobalt ion, giving it a coordination number of 6.

The critical angle θc can be calculated using sin(θc) = 1/n. Thus, θc = sin^(-1)(1/1.5) = sin^(-1)(0.6667) ≈ 41.81 degrees, which is closest to 60 degrees.

Using Ohm's law, I = V/R = 20V/10Ω = 2 A.

The dielectric constant (κ) of a vacuum is defined as 1, which serves as the reference for other materials.

The dimension of energy is M^1L^2T^-2.

The dimension of force is M^1L^1T^-2.

Velocity is defined as displacement per unit time, hence its dimension is M^0L^1T^-1.

The dimension of work is M^1L^2T^-2.

Force has the dimensional formula [M^1 L^1 T^-2].

Conventional current is defined as the flow of positive charge, which is from positive to negative.

Using the right-hand rule, if the current flows in a counterclockwise direction when viewed from above, the magnetic field direction is out of the plane.

Using the right-hand rule, if the current flows in a counterclockwise direction, the magnetic field inside the loop points out of the plane.

The magnetic field inside a current-carrying solenoid is directed from the north pole to the south pole of the solenoid.

The direction of the magnetic field produced by a current-carrying wire depends on the direction of the current, as determined by the right-hand rule.

A catalyst lowers the activation energy of a reaction, thereby increasing the reaction rate.

Adding a non-volatile solute increases the boiling point due to boiling point elevation.

Adding a non-volatile solute decreases the vapor pressure of the solvent due to the solute particles occupying space at the surface.

When capacitors are connected in parallel, the total capacitance is the sum of the individual capacitances, thus it increases.

Cortisol is a steroid hormone that helps reduce inflammation and is involved in the stress response.

Deforestation leads to habitat loss, which significantly decreases biodiversity as many species lose their homes.

Deforestation increases carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere as trees that absorb CO2 are removed.

Introducing a dielectric material between the plates of a capacitor increases its capacitance by a factor equal to the dielectric constant (κ) of the material.

Inductive reactance is directly proportional to frequency; as frequency increases, inductive reactance increases.

Gibberellins promote seed germination by breaking dormancy and stimulating the growth of the embryo.

Heavy metals can be toxic to organisms, leading to bioaccumulation and harmful effects on ecosystems.

High protein intake increases the production of urea as more amino acids are metabolized.

Increasing pressure shifts the equilibrium towards the side with fewer moles of gas. In this case, it shifts to the right, producing more NH3.