A negative power indicates a concave lens.

A negative power indicates that the lens is a concave lens.

Magnification (m) = h'/h, thus h' = m * h = 3 * 2 = 6 cm.

A virtual image is formed by a concave lens when the object is placed in front of it.

Energy consumed can be calculated using E = P * t. Here, P = 60 W and t = 1 hour = 3600 seconds. Thus, E = 60 W * 3600 s = 216000 J.

Energy consumed can be calculated using E = P * t. Here, P = 60 W and t = 2 hours = 7200 seconds. Thus, E = 60 W * 7200 s = 432000 J.

Energy consumed can be calculated using E = P * t. Here, E = 60 W * (5 * 3600 s) = 108000 J.

Energy consumed = Power × Time = 60 W × (2 × 3600 s) = 432000 J.

Using Snell's law, n1 * sin(i) = n2 * sin(r). Here, n1 = 1 (air), n2 = 1.5, i = 30 degrees. Solving gives r = 19.2 degrees.

Since the angle of incidence is less than the critical angle (θc = sin⁻¹(1/1.5) ≈ 41.8°), it will not undergo total internal reflection.

Using Snell's law, n1 * sin(theta1) = n2 * sin(theta2). Here, n1 = 1 (air), n2 = 1.5 (glass), and theta1 = 30 degrees. Thus, sin(theta2) = (1 * sin(30))/1.5 = 0.333, giving theta2 ≈ 19.1 degrees.

Critical angle θc = sin⁻¹(1.00/2.42) ≈ 24.4°.

When a light ray passes through the center of curvature, it strikes the mirror perpendicularly, resulting in an angle of reflection of 0 degrees.

Using Snell's law, n1 * sin(i) = n2 * sin(r). Here, sin(r) = (1 * sin(45)) / 1.5 = 0.471, giving r ≈ 28 degrees.

Using Snell's law, n1 * sin(i) = n2 * sin(r). Here, n1 = 1 (air), n2 = 1.5 (glass), i = 60 degrees. Solving gives r = 40 degrees.

Using Snell's law, n1 * sin(θ1) = n2 * sin(θ2). Here, n1 = 1 (air), θ1 = 30 degrees, n2 = 1.5. Thus, sin(θ2) = (1 * sin(30))/1.5 = 1/3, giving θ2 ≈ 20 degrees.

According to the law of reflection, the angle of reflection equals the angle of incidence, so it is 45 degrees.

The critical angle for this scenario is approximately 38.7°. Since 50° is greater than the critical angle, total internal reflection occurs.

Since 50° is greater than the critical angle (θc ≈ 41.8°), total internal reflection occurs.

Calculate critical angle: θc = sin^(-1)(1/n) = sin^(-1)(1/1.6) ≈ 38.7°. Since 50° > 38.7°, total internal reflection occurs.

Using Snell's law, n1 * sin(θ1) = n2 * sin(θ2). Here, n1 = 2.0, θ1 = 45°, and n2 = 1.0 (air). Thus, 2.0 * sin(45°) = 1.0 * sin(θ2) leads to sin(θ2) = √2, which gives θ2 = 90°.

Using sin(θc) = n2/n1, where n1 = 2.42 (diamond) and n2 = 1.0 (air), we find sin(θc) = 1.0/2.42, leading to θc ≈ 24.4°.

Using Snell's law, sin(θc) = n2/n1 = 1.00/2.42. Thus, θc ≈ 24.4°.

Since sin(30°) < sin(θc) where θc = sin⁻¹(1/1.5) ≈ 41.8°, it will not undergo total internal reflection.

The angle formed between the tangent to the drop surface and the solid surface is known as the contact angle, which indicates the wettability of the surface.

Using the formula h = 2T/(ρgr), we can calculate the height of the liquid column.

Using the formula ΔP = 2γ/r, ΔP = 2 × 0.03 N/m / 0.1 m = 0.6 Pa.

The magnetic field around a long straight conductor is given by B = μ₀I/(2πr).

The magnetic field due to a long straight conductor is given by B = μ₀I/(2πr).

The magnetic field around a long straight wire is given by B = μ₀I/(2πr).