Biology is the science of life — from the tiniest cell to the most complex human systems. This category is designed to support school students (Classes 6–12) as well as undergraduate (UG) learners with clear explanations, exam-focused content, and concept-building resources. You’ll find:
Concept-wise explanations aligned with NCERT and common UG syllabi
Important questions & answers for school exams, NEET foundation, and college tests
Human physiology, genetics, ecology, biotechnology, and cell biology explained simply
Practice questions, MCQs, and revision notes to strengthen understanding
Doubt-solving and conceptual clarity for competitive and academic success
Whether you’re preparing for school exams , building a strong base for NEET , or studying Biology at the undergraduate level , this section helps you learn smarter, revise faster, and understand Biology deeply — not just memorize it.
Learn life sciences the right way — clear concepts, exam relevance, and real understanding.
Q. What is the primary muscle involved in the process of inhalation?
A.
Diaphragm
B.
Intercostal muscles
C.
Abdominal muscles
D.
Pectoral muscles
Show solution
Solution
The diaphragm contracts and moves downward, increasing the thoracic cavity volume and allowing air to flow into the lungs.
Correct Answer:
A
— Diaphragm
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Q. What is the primary pacemaker of the heart?
A.
Atrioventricular node
B.
Bundle of His
C.
Sinoatrial node
D.
Purkinje fibers
Show solution
Solution
The sinoatrial (SA) node is the primary pacemaker of the heart, initiating the heartbeat.
Correct Answer:
C
— Sinoatrial node
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Q. What is the primary pigment involved in photosynthesis in higher plants?
A.
Chlorophyll a
B.
Carotenoids
C.
Xanthophylls
D.
Chlorophyll b
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Solution
Chlorophyll a is the main pigment that absorbs light energy for photosynthesis.
Correct Answer:
A
— Chlorophyll a
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Q. What is the primary pigment involved in photosynthesis that absorbs light energy?
A.
Chlorophyll a
B.
Carotenoids
C.
Xanthophylls
D.
Chlorophyll b
Show solution
Solution
Chlorophyll a is the main pigment that absorbs light energy for photosynthesis.
Correct Answer:
A
— Chlorophyll a
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Q. What is the primary pigment involved in photosynthesis?
A.
Chlorophyll a
B.
Carotenoids
C.
Xanthophylls
D.
Chlorophyll b
Show solution
Solution
Chlorophyll a is the main pigment that absorbs light energy for photosynthesis.
Correct Answer:
A
— Chlorophyll a
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Q. What is the primary pigment involved in the light reactions of photosynthesis?
A.
Chlorophyll a
B.
Carotenoids
C.
Chlorophyll b
D.
Xanthophylls
Show solution
Solution
Chlorophyll a is the primary pigment that absorbs light energy for photosynthesis.
Correct Answer:
A
— Chlorophyll a
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Q. What is the primary purpose of classifying plants in the Plant Kingdom?
A.
To understand their evolutionary relationships
B.
To increase their market value
C.
To enhance their aesthetic appeal
D.
To reduce their growth rate
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Solution
Classifying plants helps scientists understand their evolutionary relationships and how they are related to one another.
Correct Answer:
A
— To understand their evolutionary relationships
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Q. What is the primary purpose of CRISPR technology in biotechnology?
A.
To clone organisms
B.
To edit genes
C.
To produce vaccines
D.
To sequence DNA
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Solution
CRISPR technology is primarily used for gene editing, allowing precise modifications to DNA.
Correct Answer:
B
— To edit genes
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Q. What is the primary purpose of genetic engineering in plants?
A.
To increase aesthetic value
B.
To enhance nutritional content
C.
To improve growth rate
D.
To reduce water usage
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Solution
Genetic engineering is often used to enhance the nutritional content of crops, making them more beneficial for human consumption.
Correct Answer:
B
— To enhance nutritional content
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Q. What is the primary purpose of PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) in molecular biology?
A.
To sequence DNA
B.
To amplify specific DNA sequences
C.
To splice genes
D.
To transcribe RNA
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Solution
PCR is a technique used to amplify specific DNA sequences, making millions of copies of a particular segment of DNA.
Correct Answer:
B
— To amplify specific DNA sequences
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Q. What is the primary purpose of PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction)?
A.
To sequence DNA
B.
To amplify DNA
C.
To cut DNA
D.
To visualize DNA
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Solution
PCR is used to amplify specific DNA sequences, making millions of copies of a particular segment.
Correct Answer:
B
— To amplify DNA
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Q. What is the primary purpose of plant reproduction?
A.
To produce food for the plant
B.
To ensure species survival
C.
To absorb nutrients from the soil
D.
To increase plant height
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Solution
The primary purpose of plant reproduction is to ensure species survival by producing offspring.
Correct Answer:
B
— To ensure species survival
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Q. What is the primary purpose of plant secondary metabolites?
A.
Photosynthesis
B.
Defense mechanisms
C.
Water absorption
D.
Growth promotion
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Solution
Secondary metabolites serve as defense mechanisms against herbivores and pathogens.
Correct Answer:
B
— Defense mechanisms
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Q. What is the primary purpose of plant stomata?
A.
Nutrient storage
B.
Gas exchange
C.
Water retention
D.
Root anchorage
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Solution
Stomata are small openings on the leaf surface that facilitate gas exchange, allowing carbon dioxide in and oxygen out.
Correct Answer:
B
— Gas exchange
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Q. What is the primary purpose of plant taxonomy?
A.
To identify plant diseases
B.
To classify and name plants
C.
To study plant physiology
D.
To enhance crop yield
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Solution
The primary purpose of plant taxonomy is to classify and name plants, providing a systematic framework for identifying and studying them.
Correct Answer:
B
— To classify and name plants
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Q. What is the primary purpose of plant transpiration?
A.
Nutrient transport
B.
Cooling the plant
C.
Water uptake
D.
Photosynthesis
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Solution
Transpiration helps cool the plant and maintain water and nutrient flow from roots to leaves.
Correct Answer:
B
— Cooling the plant
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Q. What is the primary purpose of plant tropisms?
A.
Reproduction
B.
Growth direction
C.
Nutrient absorption
D.
Water storage
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Solution
Tropisms are growth responses that direct plant growth towards or away from environmental stimuli.
Correct Answer:
B
— Growth direction
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Q. What is the primary purpose of pollination in flowering plants?
A.
To attract herbivores
B.
To facilitate fertilization
C.
To enhance photosynthesis
D.
To increase seed dispersal
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Solution
Pollination is essential for the transfer of pollen from the male anther to the female stigma, enabling fertilization and subsequent seed development.
Correct Answer:
B
— To facilitate fertilization
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Q. What is the primary purpose of prenatal care?
A.
To monitor fetal development
B.
To prepare for childbirth
C.
To prevent maternal infections
D.
To provide nutritional guidance
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Solution
The primary purpose of prenatal care is to monitor the health and development of the fetus throughout pregnancy.
Correct Answer:
A
— To monitor fetal development
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Q. What is the primary purpose of respiration in plants?
A.
To produce glucose
B.
To release energy
C.
To absorb carbon dioxide
D.
To synthesize chlorophyll
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Solution
The primary purpose of respiration in plants is to release energy from glucose, which is used for various metabolic processes.
Correct Answer:
B
— To release energy
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Q. What is the primary purpose of seed dispersal in plants?
A.
To increase genetic diversity
B.
To provide nutrients to the soil
C.
To attract pollinators
D.
To reduce competition among seedlings
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Solution
Seed dispersal helps reduce competition among seedlings by spreading them over a wider area.
Correct Answer:
D
— To reduce competition among seedlings
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Q. What is the primary purpose of sterilization in a clinical setting?
A.
To reduce microbial load
B.
To eliminate all forms of microbial life
C.
To disinfect surfaces
D.
To enhance immune response
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Solution
Sterilization aims to eliminate all forms of microbial life, including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and spores.
Correct Answer:
B
— To eliminate all forms of microbial life
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Q. What is the primary purpose of sterilization in microbiology?
A.
To reduce microbial load
B.
To eliminate all forms of microbial life
C.
To inhibit microbial growth
D.
To enhance microbial growth
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Solution
Sterilization aims to eliminate all forms of microbial life, including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and spores.
Correct Answer:
B
— To eliminate all forms of microbial life
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Q. What is the primary purpose of the amniotic fluid?
A.
To provide nutrients
B.
To cushion the fetus
C.
To facilitate gas exchange
D.
To store waste
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Solution
Amniotic fluid cushions the fetus, providing protection and allowing for movement.
Correct Answer:
B
— To cushion the fetus
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Q. What is the primary purpose of the Calvin cycle?
A.
To capture light energy
B.
To produce ATP
C.
To fix carbon dioxide
D.
To release oxygen
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Solution
The Calvin cycle's primary purpose is to fix carbon dioxide into organic molecules.
Correct Answer:
C
— To fix carbon dioxide
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Q. What is the primary purpose of the complement system in immunity?
A.
To produce antibodies
B.
To enhance phagocytosis and lyse pathogens
C.
To activate T cells
D.
To stimulate B cells
Show solution
Solution
The complement system enhances phagocytosis and can directly lyse pathogens, playing a significant role in the immune response.
Correct Answer:
B
— To enhance phagocytosis and lyse pathogens
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Q. What is the primary purpose of the flower in angiosperms?
A.
Photosynthesis
B.
Water storage
C.
Reproduction
D.
Nutrient absorption
Show solution
Solution
The primary purpose of the flower in angiosperms is reproduction, facilitating pollination and seed formation.
Correct Answer:
C
— Reproduction
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Q. What is the primary purpose of the nasal cavity in the respiratory system?
A.
To filter, warm, and humidify air
B.
To exchange gases
C.
To produce mucus
D.
To regulate airflow
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Solution
The nasal cavity filters, warms, and humidifies the air we breathe before it enters the lungs.
Correct Answer:
A
— To filter, warm, and humidify air
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Q. What is the primary purpose of the plant cuticle?
A.
Photosynthesis
B.
Water retention
C.
Nutrient storage
D.
Gas exchange
Show solution
Solution
The cuticle is a waxy layer that helps prevent water loss from the plant surface, aiding in water retention.
Correct Answer:
B
— Water retention
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Q. What is the primary purpose of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR)?
A.
To amplify a specific DNA segment
B.
To sequence DNA
C.
To clone DNA fragments
D.
To analyze gene expression
Show solution
Solution
PCR is primarily used to amplify a specific DNA segment, making millions of copies for further analysis.
Correct Answer:
A
— To amplify a specific DNA segment
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