Economy (UPSC) MCQ & Objective Questions
The Economy (UPSC) section is crucial for students aiming to excel in competitive exams. Understanding economic concepts not only helps in scoring better but also builds a strong foundation for future studies. Practicing MCQs and objective questions is an effective way to enhance your exam preparation, as it familiarizes you with important questions and improves your problem-solving skills.
What You Will Practise Here
Key economic theories and their applications
Fundamentals of Indian economy and its structure
Monetary and fiscal policies
Economic development and planning in India
International trade and its impact on the Indian economy
Current economic issues and government initiatives
Important definitions and formulas related to economics
Exam Relevance
The Economy (UPSC) topic is not only significant for UPSC exams but also appears in various school examinations like CBSE and State Boards. Students can expect questions related to economic policies, definitions, and current affairs. Common question patterns include multiple-choice questions that test conceptual understanding and application of economic principles in real-world scenarios.
Common Mistakes Students Make
Confusing terms like GDP and GNP
Misunderstanding the implications of fiscal and monetary policies
Overlooking current economic events that can be exam-relevant
Neglecting the importance of diagrams and graphs in economic explanations
FAQs
Question: What are some important Economy (UPSC) MCQ questions to focus on?Answer: Focus on questions related to economic policies, definitions, and current affairs as they frequently appear in exams.
Question: How can I improve my understanding of Economy (UPSC) concepts?Answer: Regular practice of objective questions and engaging with current economic news can significantly enhance your understanding.
Start solving practice MCQs today to test your understanding of Economy (UPSC) concepts and boost your confidence for the exams ahead!
Q. If a country's exports are $500 million and imports are $300 million, what is the trade balance?
A.
$200 million surplus
B.
$200 million deficit
C.
$800 million surplus
D.
$800 million deficit
Show solution
Solution
Trade balance = Exports - Imports = $500 million - $300 million = $200 million surplus.
Correct Answer:
A
— $200 million surplus
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Q. If a country’s foreign direct investment inflow is $300 million and outflow is $200 million, what is the net FDI?
A.
$100 million
B.
$200 million
C.
$300 million
D.
$400 million
Show solution
Solution
Net FDI = Inflow - Outflow = $300 million - $200 million = $100 million.
Correct Answer:
A
— $100 million
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Q. If a country’s GDP is $2 trillion and its exports are 10% of GDP, what is the value of its exports?
A.
$200 billion
B.
$300 billion
C.
$150 billion
D.
$250 billion
Show solution
Solution
Exports = 10% of GDP = 0.10 * $2 trillion = $200 billion.
Correct Answer:
A
— $200 billion
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Q. If a department has a budget of $150,000 and has already spent $90,000, what is the ratio of the remaining budget to the total budget?
A.
1:3
B.
2:3
C.
1:2
D.
1:4
Show solution
Solution
Remaining budget = $150,000 - $90,000 = $60,000. Ratio = $60,000 : $150,000 = 2:5.
Correct Answer:
B
— 2:3
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Q. If a farmer produces 1500 kg of wheat from 5 acres of land, how much wheat does he produce per acre?
A.
250 kg
B.
300 kg
C.
350 kg
D.
400 kg
Show solution
Solution
1500 kg / 5 acres = 300 kg per acre
Correct Answer:
B
— 300 kg
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Q. If a farmer uses 200 liters of water to irrigate 10 acres of land, how much water does he use per acre?
A.
15 liters
B.
20 liters
C.
25 liters
D.
30 liters
Show solution
Solution
200 liters / 10 acres = 20 liters per acre
Correct Answer:
B
— 20 liters
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Q. If a farmer wants to increase his yield by 25% and his current yield is 800 kg, what will be his new yield?
A.
900 kg
B.
1000 kg
C.
1100 kg
D.
1200 kg
Show solution
Solution
800 kg * 1.25 = 1000 kg
Correct Answer:
C
— 1100 kg
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Q. If a farmer's profit from selling 500 kg of rice is $600, what is the profit per kg?
A.
$1.00
B.
$1.20
C.
$1.50
D.
$1.80
Show solution
Solution
$600 / 500 kg = $1.20 per kg
Correct Answer:
B
— $1.20
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Q. If a project budget is $1,000,000 and 15% is allocated for contingency, how much is set aside for contingency?
A.
$150,000
B.
$200,000
C.
$100,000
D.
$250,000
Show solution
Solution
Contingency amount = 15% of $1,000,000 = $150,000.
Correct Answer:
A
— $150,000
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Q. If a school allocates $12,000 for sports and $8,000 for arts, what fraction of the total budget is allocated to sports?
A.
3/5
B.
2/5
C.
1/3
D.
1/2
Show solution
Solution
Total budget = $12,000 + $8,000 = $20,000. Fraction for sports = $12,000 / $20,000 = 3/5.
Correct Answer:
A
— 3/5
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Q. If the cost of living increases by 12% and your current monthly expense is $1500, what will be your new monthly expense?
A.
$1680
B.
$1700
C.
$1750
D.
$1800
Show solution
Solution
New expense = 1500 + (12/100 * 1500) = 1500 + 180 = $1680
Correct Answer:
A
— $1680
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Q. If the exchange rate of ₹ to $ is 75, how much would 1000 dollars be in rupees?
A.
₹75000
B.
₹70000
C.
₹80000
D.
₹90000
Show solution
Solution
1000 dollars in rupees = 1000 * 75 = ₹75000.
Correct Answer:
A
— ₹75000
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Q. If the fiscal deficit of India is ₹15 lakh crore and the total expenditure is ₹30 lakh crore, what is the percentage of fiscal deficit to total expenditure?
A.
25%
B.
30%
C.
50%
D.
40%
Show solution
Solution
Fiscal deficit percentage = (15/30) * 100 = 50%.
Correct Answer:
C
— 50%
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Q. If the inflation rate is 5% and the current price of a commodity is ₹200, what will be its price after one year?
A.
₹210
B.
₹205
C.
₹220
D.
₹215
Show solution
Solution
Price after one year = 200 + (5/100 * 200) = ₹210.
Correct Answer:
A
— ₹210
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Q. If the inflation rate is 8% per annum, how much will a $200 item cost after one year?
A.
$216
B.
$220
C.
$224
D.
$228
Show solution
Solution
Cost after one year = 200 + (8/100 * 200) = 200 + 16 = $216
Correct Answer:
A
— $216
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Q. If the number of people living below the poverty line increases from 50,000 to 70,000, what is the percentage increase?
A.
40%
B.
30%
C.
20%
D.
50%
Show solution
Solution
Percentage increase = ((70,000 - 50,000) / 50,000) * 100 = 40%.
Correct Answer:
A
— 40%
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Q. If the poverty rate in a city is 15% and the population is 200,000, how many people are living in poverty?
A.
15,000
B.
30,000
C.
25,000
D.
20,000
Show solution
Solution
15% of 200,000 is calculated as (15/100) * 200,000 = 30,000.
Correct Answer:
B
— 30,000
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Q. If the price of a loaf of bread increases from $2 to $2.40, what is the percentage increase?
A.
15%
B.
20%
C.
25%
D.
30%
Show solution
Solution
Percentage increase = ((2.40 - 2) / 2) * 100 = 20%
Correct Answer:
C
— 25%
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Q. If the price of a ticket is $15 and it increases by 20% due to inflation, what will be the new price of the ticket?
A.
$16
B.
$17
C.
$18
D.
$19
Show solution
Solution
New price = 15 + (20/100 * 15) = 15 + 3 = $18
Correct Answer:
C
— $18
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Q. If the total population of India is 1.4 billion and the literacy rate is 74%, how many people are literate?
A.
1.03 billion
B.
1.05 billion
C.
1.07 billion
D.
1.1 billion
Show solution
Solution
Number of literate people = 1.4 billion * 0.74 = 1.03 billion.
Correct Answer:
A
— 1.03 billion
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Q. If the unemployment rate decreases from 10% to 6%, what is the percentage decrease in the unemployment rate?
A.
40%
B.
50%
C.
60%
D.
70%
Show solution
Solution
Percentage decrease = ((10 - 6) / 10) * 100 = 40%.
Correct Answer:
A
— 40%
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Q. In a survey, 40% of respondents reported being unemployed. If 250 people were surveyed, how many reported being unemployed?
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Solution
40% of 250 is calculated as (40/100) * 250 = 100.
Correct Answer:
B
— 100
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Q. What does 'monetary policy' primarily aim to control?
A.
Government spending
B.
Inflation and interest rates
C.
Trade deficits
D.
Employment levels
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Solution
Monetary policy primarily aims to control inflation and interest rates to stabilize the economy.
Correct Answer:
B
— Inflation and interest rates
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Q. What is the 'discount rate' in banking?
A.
The interest rate charged to commercial banks for loans from the central bank
B.
The rate at which consumers can borrow money
C.
The rate of return on savings accounts
D.
The interest rate on government bonds
Show solution
Solution
The discount rate is the interest rate charged to commercial banks for loans obtained from the central bank.
Correct Answer:
A
— The interest rate charged to commercial banks for loans from the central bank
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Q. What is the current account deficit (CAD) as a percentage of GDP for India in 2020-21?
A.
1.5%
B.
2.1%
C.
3.0%
D.
4.5%
Show solution
Solution
The current account deficit (CAD) for India in 2020-21 was 2.1% of GDP.
Correct Answer:
B
— 2.1%
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Q. What is the GDP growth rate of India for the financial year 2021-22?
A.
6.5%
B.
8.4%
C.
7.2%
D.
9.1%
Show solution
Solution
The GDP growth rate of India for the financial year 2021-22 was 8.4%.
Correct Answer:
B
— 8.4%
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Q. What is the main objective of the Goods and Services Tax (GST) implemented in India?
A.
Increase tax rates
B.
Simplify tax structure
C.
Reduce tax compliance
D.
Increase government revenue
Show solution
Solution
The main objective of GST is to simplify the tax structure.
Correct Answer:
B
— Simplify tax structure
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Q. What is the primary function of a central bank?
A.
To regulate the stock market
B.
To issue currency and manage monetary policy
C.
To provide loans to individuals
D.
To manage government budgets
Show solution
Solution
The primary function of a central bank is to issue currency and manage monetary policy to ensure economic stability.
Correct Answer:
B
— To issue currency and manage monetary policy
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Q. What is the primary source of revenue for the Indian government?
A.
Direct Taxes
B.
Indirect Taxes
C.
Non-Tax Revenue
D.
Foreign Aid
Show solution
Solution
Indirect Taxes are the primary source of revenue for the Indian government.
Correct Answer:
B
— Indirect Taxes
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Q. What is the purpose of a bank's reserve requirement?
A.
To ensure banks have enough cash to meet customer withdrawals
B.
To limit the amount of loans banks can issue
C.
To control inflation rates
D.
To increase the bank's profitability
Show solution
Solution
The reserve requirement ensures that banks have enough cash on hand to meet customer withdrawals and maintain liquidity.
Correct Answer:
A
— To ensure banks have enough cash to meet customer withdrawals
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