Q. For the reaction N2(g) + 3H2(g) ⇌ 2NH3(g), what happens to the equilibrium constant if the temperature is increased?
A.
Increases
B.
Decreases
C.
Remains the same
D.
Depends on the pressure
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Solution
For exothermic reactions, increasing the temperature shifts the equilibrium to the left, thus decreasing the equilibrium constant.
Correct Answer: B — Decreases
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Q. For the reaction N2(g) + 3H2(g) ⇌ 2NH3(g), what happens to the equilibrium position if the pressure is increased?
A.
Shifts to the left
B.
Shifts to the right
C.
No change
D.
Depends on temperature
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Solution
Increasing the pressure shifts the equilibrium towards the side with fewer moles of gas. In this case, the right side has 2 moles of NH3 compared to 4 moles of reactants.
Correct Answer: B — Shifts to the right
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Q. For the reaction N2(g) + 3H2(g) ⇌ 2NH3(g), what happens to the equilibrium position if the volume of the container is decreased?
A.
Equilibrium shifts to the left
B.
Equilibrium shifts to the right
C.
No change in equilibrium
D.
Equilibrium shifts in both directions
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Solution
According to Le Chatelier's principle, decreasing the volume increases the pressure, and the equilibrium will shift towards the side with fewer moles of gas, which is the right side (2 moles of NH3).
Correct Answer: B — Equilibrium shifts to the right
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Q. For the reaction: 3A(g) ⇌ 2B(g) + C(g), what is the expression for Kp?
A.
(P_B^2 * P_C) / (P_A^3)
B.
(P_A^3) / (P_B^2 * P_C)
C.
(P_C) / (P_A^3)
D.
(P_B^2) / (P_A^3)
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Solution
The equilibrium constant Kp is expressed as Kp = (P_B^2 * P_C) / (P_A^3).
Correct Answer: A — (P_B^2 * P_C) / (P_A^3)
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Q. For the reaction: A(g) ⇌ B(g) + C(g), if the concentration of A is increased, what will happen to the equilibrium position?
A.
Shift to the left
B.
Shift to the right
C.
No change
D.
Depends on temperature
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Solution
According to Le Chatelier's principle, increasing the concentration of a reactant will shift the equilibrium to the right.
Correct Answer: B — Shift to the right
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Q. If 0.1 M of a strong acid is mixed with 0.1 M of a strong base, what will be the resulting pH?
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Solution
Strong acid and strong base neutralize each other, resulting in a neutral solution with pH = 7.
Correct Answer: B — 7
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Q. If 0.1 M of a weak acid has a pH of 4.0, what is the Ka of the acid?
A.
1 x 10^-4
B.
1 x 10^-5
C.
1 x 10^-6
D.
1 x 10^-7
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Solution
Using the formula Ka = [H+]^2 / [HA], where [H+] = 10^(-4) M and [HA] = 0.1 M, we find Ka = (10^-4)^2 / 0.1 = 1 x 10^-5.
Correct Answer: B — 1 x 10^-5
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Q. If 50 mL of 0.1 M HCl is mixed with 50 mL of 0.1 M NaOH, what is the resulting pH?
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Solution
HCl and NaOH neutralize each other, resulting in a neutral solution with pH = 7.
Correct Answer: A — 7
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Q. If a beam is supported at both ends and a load is applied at the center, what is the reaction force at each support?
A.
Equal to the load
B.
Half the load
C.
Double the load
D.
Zero
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Solution
In this case, the reaction force at each support is half the load applied at the center.
Correct Answer: B — Half the load
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Q. If a force of 10 N is applied at an angle of 30 degrees to the horizontal, what is the horizontal component of the force?
A.
5 N
B.
8.66 N
C.
10 N
D.
0 N
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Solution
The horizontal component is calculated as 10 N * cos(30°) = 8.66 N.
Correct Answer: B — 8.66 N
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Q. If the concentration of reactants is increased in a system at equilibrium, what will happen to the position of equilibrium?
A.
Shift to the right
B.
Shift to the left
C.
No change
D.
Depends on temperature
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Solution
According to Le Chatelier's principle, increasing the concentration of reactants will shift the equilibrium position to the right, favoring the formation of products.
Correct Answer: A — Shift to the right
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Q. If the equilibrium constant Kc for a reaction is 10 at a certain temperature, what is the value of Kc for the reverse reaction?
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Solution
The equilibrium constant for the reverse reaction is the reciprocal of the forward reaction, so Kc' = 1/Kc = 0.1.
Correct Answer: A — 0.1
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Q. If the equilibrium constant Kc for a reaction is 10, what can be said about the position of equilibrium?
A.
Products are favored
B.
Reactants are favored
C.
Equilibrium is at the center
D.
No conclusion can be drawn
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Solution
A Kc value greater than 1 indicates that the products are favored at equilibrium.
Correct Answer: A — Products are favored
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Q. If the equilibrium constant Kc for a reaction is less than 1, what does it indicate about the equilibrium position?
A.
Products are favored
B.
Reactants are favored
C.
Equal amounts of reactants and products
D.
Reaction does not occur
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Solution
A Kc value less than 1 indicates that at equilibrium, the concentration of reactants is greater than that of products, thus reactants are favored.
Correct Answer: B — Reactants are favored
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Q. If the forward reaction is exothermic, what effect does increasing the temperature have on the equilibrium position?
A.
Shifts to the right
B.
Shifts to the left
C.
No effect
D.
Increases the rate of reaction
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Solution
According to Le Chatelier's principle, increasing the temperature of an exothermic reaction shifts the equilibrium position to the left, favoring the reactants.
Correct Answer: B — Shifts to the left
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Q. In a closed system at equilibrium, if the pressure is increased, what will happen to the equilibrium position?
A.
Shift to the side with more moles of gas
B.
Shift to the side with fewer moles of gas
C.
No change
D.
Increase in temperature
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Solution
Increasing the pressure will shift the equilibrium position to the side with fewer moles of gas.
Correct Answer: B — Shift to the side with fewer moles of gas
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Q. In a closed system at equilibrium, if the pressure is increased, what will happen to the equilibrium position if there are more moles of gas on the reactant side?
A.
Shift to the right
B.
Shift to the left
C.
No change
D.
Increase in temperature
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Solution
Increasing the pressure will shift the equilibrium to the side with fewer moles of gas, which in this case is the right side.
Correct Answer: B — Shift to the left
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Q. In a closed system at equilibrium, if the volume is decreased, what will happen to the equilibrium position?
A.
Shift to the side with more moles of gas
B.
Shift to the side with fewer moles of gas
C.
No change
D.
Increase in pressure
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Solution
Decreasing the volume increases the pressure, and the equilibrium will shift to the side with fewer moles of gas to counteract the change.
Correct Answer: B — Shift to the side with fewer moles of gas
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Q. In a closed system, if the volume is decreased, what will happen to the equilibrium of the reaction 2A(g) + B(g) ⇌ 3C(g)?
A.
Shift to the left
B.
Shift to the right
C.
No change
D.
Depends on temperature
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Solution
Decreasing the volume increases the pressure, and the equilibrium will shift towards the side with fewer moles of gas, which is the left side.
Correct Answer: A — Shift to the left
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Q. In a dynamic equilibrium, which of the following statements is true?
A.
The rates of the forward and reverse reactions are equal
B.
The concentrations of reactants and products are equal
C.
The reaction has stopped
D.
The system is at rest
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Solution
In a dynamic equilibrium, the rates of the forward and reverse reactions are equal, but the concentrations of reactants and products may not be equal.
Correct Answer: A — The rates of the forward and reverse reactions are equal
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Q. In a reaction at equilibrium, if the concentration of a reactant is decreased, what will happen?
A.
Shift to the right
B.
Shift to the left
C.
No change
D.
Increase the rate of reaction
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Solution
According to Le Chatelier's principle, decreasing the concentration of a reactant will shift the equilibrium to the left to produce more reactants.
Correct Answer: B — Shift to the left
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Q. In a reaction at equilibrium, if the concentration of products is decreased, what will happen?
A.
Shift to the right
B.
Shift to the left
C.
No change
D.
Depends on the temperature
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Solution
Decreasing the concentration of products will shift the equilibrium to the right to produce more products, according to Le Chatelier's principle.
Correct Answer: A — Shift to the right
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Q. In a reaction at equilibrium, if the concentration of reactants is increased, what will happen to the equilibrium?
A.
Shift to the right
B.
Shift to the left
C.
No change
D.
Equilibrium constant increases
Show solution
Solution
According to Le Chatelier's principle, increasing the concentration of reactants will shift the equilibrium to the right to form more products.
Correct Answer: A — Shift to the right
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Q. In a reaction at equilibrium, if the concentration of reactants is increased, what will happen to the equilibrium position?
A.
Shift to the right
B.
Shift to the left
C.
No change
D.
Depends on the reaction
Show solution
Solution
According to Le Chatelier's principle, increasing the concentration of reactants will shift the equilibrium position to the right to produce more products.
Correct Answer: A — Shift to the right
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Q. In a reaction at equilibrium, if the temperature is decreased, what will happen to the equilibrium position if the reaction is exothermic?
A.
Shift to the right
B.
Shift to the left
C.
No change
D.
Depends on the concentration
Show solution
Solution
For an exothermic reaction, decreasing the temperature shifts the equilibrium to the right, favoring the formation of products.
Correct Answer: A — Shift to the right
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Q. In a reaction at equilibrium, if the temperature is increased and the reaction is exothermic, what will happen to the equilibrium position?
A.
Shift to the right
B.
Shift to the left
C.
No change
D.
Equilibrium constant increases
Show solution
Solution
For an exothermic reaction, increasing the temperature shifts the equilibrium position to the left, favoring the reactants.
Correct Answer: B — Shift to the left
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Q. In a reaction at equilibrium, if the temperature is increased, what will happen to the equilibrium constant Kc for an endothermic reaction?
A.
Increase
B.
Decrease
C.
No change
D.
Depends on concentration
Show solution
Solution
For an endothermic reaction, increasing temperature shifts the equilibrium to the right, increasing Kc.
Correct Answer: A — Increase
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Q. In a solution of 0.1 M NH4Cl, what is the pH if the Kb of NH3 is 1.8 x 10^-5?
A.
4.75
B.
5.75
C.
6.75
D.
7.75
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Solution
Using the formula for weak bases, pH = 14 - pKb = 14 - (14 - 4.75) = 5.75.
Correct Answer: B — 5.75
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Q. In a static equilibrium problem, if the sum of clockwise moments equals the sum of counterclockwise moments, what can be concluded?
A.
The object is in equilibrium
B.
The object is accelerating
C.
The object is in motion
D.
The object is unstable
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Solution
If the sum of clockwise moments equals the sum of counterclockwise moments, the object is in equilibrium.
Correct Answer: A — The object is in equilibrium
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Q. In a system at equilibrium, if the concentration of reactants is increased, what will happen to the equilibrium position?
A.
Shift to the right
B.
Shift to the left
C.
No change
D.
Depends on temperature
Show solution
Solution
According to Le Chatelier's principle, increasing the concentration of reactants will shift the equilibrium position to the right to favor the formation of products.
Correct Answer: A — Shift to the right
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