Q. Which of the following is a common adverse effect of ACE inhibitors?
-
A.
Hypokalemia
-
B.
Cough
-
C.
Bradycardia
-
D.
Weight gain
Solution
A common adverse effect of ACE inhibitors is a persistent dry cough due to the accumulation of bradykinin.
Correct Answer:
B
— Cough
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Q. Which of the following is a common adverse effect of opioids?
-
A.
Hypertension
-
B.
Constipation
-
C.
Diarrhea
-
D.
Nausea
Solution
Constipation is a well-known adverse effect of opioid medications due to their effects on gastrointestinal motility.
Correct Answer:
B
— Constipation
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Q. Which of the following is a common side effect of opioids?
-
A.
Diarrhea
-
B.
Constipation
-
C.
Insomnia
-
D.
Hypertension
Solution
A common side effect of opioids is constipation due to decreased gastrointestinal motility.
Correct Answer:
B
— Constipation
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Q. Which of the following is a potential adverse effect of long-term corticosteroid use?
-
A.
Hypoglycemia
-
B.
Osteoporosis
-
C.
Bradycardia
-
D.
Hypotension
Solution
Long-term use of corticosteroids can lead to osteoporosis due to decreased bone density.
Correct Answer:
B
— Osteoporosis
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Q. Which of the following is a therapeutic use of warfarin?
-
A.
Hypertension
-
B.
Anticoagulation
-
C.
Antibiotic therapy
-
D.
Pain relief
Solution
Warfarin is primarily used for anticoagulation to prevent thromboembolic events.
Correct Answer:
B
— Anticoagulation
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Q. Which of the following routes of administration typically results in the highest bioavailability?
-
A.
Intravenous
-
B.
Oral
-
C.
Intramuscular
-
D.
Subcutaneous
Solution
Intravenous administration results in the highest bioavailability since the drug is delivered directly into the systemic circulation.
Correct Answer:
A
— Intravenous
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Q. Which pharmacokinetic parameter describes the time it takes for the plasma concentration of a drug to reduce by half?
-
A.
Bioavailability
-
B.
Half-life
-
C.
Volume of distribution
-
D.
Clearance
Solution
Half-life is the time required for the concentration of the drug in the plasma to decrease by 50%.
Correct Answer:
B
— Half-life
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