Ester is formed by the reaction of a carboxylic acid with an alcohol in an esterification reaction.

All of the listed compounds can be formed by the esterification of acetic acid with the respective alcohols.

The reaction of an aldehyde with a Grignard reagent forms a primary alcohol after hydrolysis.

2-butanol can be oxidized to form a ketone, specifically butanone.

The reaction of an alkyl halide with magnesium forms a Grignard reagent, which is a key intermediate in organic synthesis.

Both aldehydes and ketones can be reduced to their corresponding alcohols using sodium borohydride (NaBH4).

Both aldehydes and ketones can be reduced to their corresponding alcohols.

Tollens' reagent can be used to distinguish aldehydes from ketones, as it oxidizes aldehydes but not ketones.

2-hexene can exist in cis and trans forms due to the presence of a double bond.

3-pentanol has a chiral center and can also have geometric isomers due to the presence of a double bond.

1,3-butadiene can have structural isomers and also exhibit geometric isomerism due to its double bonds.

2-Butene can exhibit geometric isomerism due to the presence of a double bond with different groups attached.

Acetic acid can exist in two forms (keto and enol) and thus exhibits tautomeric isomerism.

2-hexene has a double bond and can have cis and trans configurations.

Acetic acid can exist in keto and enol forms, thus showing tautomeric isomerism.

Acetone can undergo aldol condensation due to the presence of alpha-hydrogens.

2-chloropropane can undergo elimination to form propene, while the others are less favorable for elimination.

Benzene can undergo Friedel-Crafts alkylation, a reaction where an alkyl group is introduced to the aromatic ring.

Chloroethane can undergo nucleophilic substitution due to the presence of a good leaving group (Cl).

2-Butanol can be oxidized to form butanone (a ketone).

Ethylene can undergo addition polymerization to form polyethylene, a common plastic.

Ketones cannot be oxidized further under normal conditions, unlike aldehydes and alcohols.

Ethane does not have a double bond or any substituents that would allow for geometric isomerism.

C2H4 (ethylene) does not have enough carbon atoms to exhibit isomerism.

Butane does not have a chiral center and therefore does not exhibit optical isomerism.

Butane does not show optical isomerism as it does not have a chiral center.

2-butene has a double bond between the second and third carbon atoms, allowing for cis and trans isomers.

C6H12 can be cyclohexane, which is a cyclic hydrocarbon.

C5H10 can be a cycloalkane (cyclopentane) as it forms a ring structure.

Esters are derivatives of carboxylic acids formed by the reaction of an acid and an alcohol.