The Chemistry (School & UG) category covers the fundamental to advanced concepts of Chemistry , structured to support Class 11–12 students, competitive exam aspirants, and undergraduate learners . The content emphasizes conceptual clarity, problem-solving skills, and strong alignment with NCERT and university syllabi .
In this category, you will study:
Physical Chemistry – atomic structure, thermodynamics, chemical kinetics, equilibrium, electrochemistry, and solutions
Organic Chemistry – basic principles, reaction mechanisms, hydrocarbons, functional groups, biomolecules, and polymers
Inorganic Chemistry – periodic trends, chemical bonding, coordination compounds, metallurgy, and s-, p-, d-, and f-block elements
Numerical problem-solving – formula-based calculations, mole concept, and graph-based questions
Reaction mechanisms and derivations with step-by-step explanations
Comparisons, trends, and exceptions important for exams
NCERT-based theory , supported by diagrams, tables, MCQs, assertion–reason questions, numericals, and PYQs
The content is designed to build strong foundations , improve analytical and quantitative skills , and prepare students for school examinations, competitive exams, and undergraduate assessments .
Develop a clear, logical, and application-oriented understanding of Chemistry to excel academically and confidently tackle problem-based and conceptual questions at both school and UG levels .
Q. What is the coordination number of the central metal ion in the complex [Fe(CN)6]3-?
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Solution
The coordination number is 6 because there are six cyanide ligands coordinated to the iron ion.
Correct Answer:
C
— 6
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Q. What is the coordination number of the central metal ion in [Cu(NH3)4]SO4?
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Solution
The coordination number is 4 because there are four ammonia ligands coordinated to the copper ion.
Correct Answer:
B
— 4
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Q. What is the coordination number of the complex ion [Co(NH3)6]3+?
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Solution
The coordination number is 6 because there are six ammonia ligands coordinated to the cobalt ion.
Correct Answer:
C
— 6
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Q. What is the coordination number of the complex ion [Co(NH3)6]Cl3?
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Solution
The coordination number is 6 because there are six ammonia ligands coordinated to the cobalt ion.
Correct Answer:
C
— 6
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Q. What is the coordination number of the complex ion [Cu(NH3)4]2+?
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Solution
The coordination number of [Cu(NH3)4]2+ is 4, as it has four ammonia ligands.
Correct Answer:
B
— 4
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Q. What is the coordination number of the complex ion [Ni(CN)4]2-?
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Solution
The coordination number of [Ni(CN)4]2- is 4, as it has four cyanide ligands coordinated to the nickel ion.
Correct Answer:
B
— 4
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Q. What is the coordination number of the complex [Co(NH3)6]Cl3?
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Solution
The coordination number is determined by the number of ligand donor atoms bonded to the central metal ion. In [Co(NH3)6]Cl3, there are six ammonia ligands, giving a coordination number of 6.
Correct Answer:
B
— 6
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Q. What is the coordination number of the complex [Cu(NH3)4]SO4?
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Solution
In [Cu(NH3)4]SO4, copper is coordinated to four ammonia ligands, giving it a coordination number of 4.
Correct Answer:
B
— 4
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Q. What is the coordination number of the metal ion in the complex [Co(NH3)6]Cl3?
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Solution
The coordination number of the metal ion in [Co(NH3)6]Cl3 is 6, as it is surrounded by six ammonia ligands.
Correct Answer:
C
— 6
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Q. What is the correct IUPAC name for CH3-CH2-CH=CH2?
A.
Butene
B.
1-Butene
C.
2-Butene
D.
Propene
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Solution
The compound CH3-CH2-CH=CH2 is named 1-butene, as the double bond is located between the first and second carbon atoms.
Correct Answer:
B
— 1-Butene
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Q. What is the correct IUPAC name for CH3-CH2-COOH?
A.
Propanoic acid
B.
Butanoic acid
C.
Acetic acid
D.
Isobutyric acid
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Solution
The compound CH3-CH2-COOH has three carbons in the longest chain and a carboxylic acid functional group, making it propanoic acid.
Correct Answer:
A
— Propanoic acid
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Q. What is the correct IUPAC name for the compound CH3-CH(CH3)-CH2-CH3?
A.
2-methylbutane
B.
3-methylbutane
C.
2-pentanol
D.
3-pentanol
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Solution
The longest chain has four carbons, and there is a methyl group on the second carbon, making it 2-methylbutane.
Correct Answer:
A
— 2-methylbutane
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Q. What is the correct IUPAC name for the compound CH3-CH(CH3)-CH2-CHO?
A.
3-Methylbutanal
B.
2-Methylbutanal
C.
2-Butanal
D.
3-Butanal
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Solution
The longest carbon chain has four carbons, and the aldehyde is at the end, making it 2-methylbutanal.
Correct Answer:
B
— 2-Methylbutanal
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Q. What is the correct IUPAC name for the compound CH3-CH(OH)-CH2-COOH?
A.
3-Hydroxybutanoic acid
B.
2-Hydroxybutanoic acid
C.
Butanoic acid
D.
Butan-2-ol
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Solution
The compound has a hydroxyl group on the second carbon and a carboxylic acid, making it 2-Hydroxybutanoic acid.
Correct Answer:
B
— 2-Hydroxybutanoic acid
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Q. What is the correct IUPAC name for the compound CH3-CH2-CH(CH3)-CH2-CH3?
A.
3-methylpentane
B.
2-methylpentane
C.
4-methylpentane
D.
2,2-dimethylbutane
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Solution
The longest chain has five carbons, and the methyl group is on the third carbon, making it 3-methylpentane.
Correct Answer:
A
— 3-methylpentane
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Q. What is the correct IUPAC name for the compound CH3-CH2-CH(CH3)-COOH?
A.
3-methylbutanoic acid
B.
2-methylbutanoic acid
C.
4-methylbutanoic acid
D.
2-methylpropanoic acid
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Solution
The longest chain has 4 carbons with a carboxylic acid group, making it 2-methylbutanoic acid.
Correct Answer:
B
— 2-methylbutanoic acid
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Q. What is the correct IUPAC name for the compound CH3-CH2-CH(CH3)-OH?
A.
2-Propanol
B.
1-Butanol
C.
3-Methyl-1-butanol
D.
2-Methyl-1-propanol
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Solution
The correct IUPAC name for CH3-CH2-CH(CH3)-OH is 2-Methyl-1-propanol, as the longest chain has three carbons and the hydroxyl group is on the first carbon.
Correct Answer:
D
— 2-Methyl-1-propanol
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Q. What is the correct IUPAC name for the compound with the formula C4H10O?
A.
Butanol
B.
Butan-1-ol
C.
2-Butanol
D.
Butan-2-ol
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Solution
The longest carbon chain has four carbons and the hydroxyl group is on the first carbon, making it Butan-1-ol.
Correct Answer:
B
— Butan-1-ol
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Q. What is the correct IUPAC name for the compound with the formula C5H10?
A.
Pentane
B.
Cyclopentane
C.
1-pentene
D.
2-pentene
Show solution
Solution
C5H10 is a saturated hydrocarbon, which is pentane.
Correct Answer:
A
— Pentane
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Q. What is the correct IUPAC name for the compound with the structure CH3-CH(CH3)-CH2-CHO?
A.
3-Methylbutanal
B.
2-Methylbutanal
C.
4-Methylbutanal
D.
Pentanal
Show solution
Solution
The longest carbon chain has four carbons with an aldehyde group, making it 2-Methylbutanal.
Correct Answer:
B
— 2-Methylbutanal
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Q. What is the correct IUPAC name for the compound with the structure CH3-CH(CH3)-CH2-CH3?
A.
2-methylbutane
B.
3-methylbutane
C.
2-pentene
D.
2-pentanol
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Solution
The longest chain has four carbons, and there is a methyl group on the second carbon, making it 2-methylbutane.
Correct Answer:
A
— 2-methylbutane
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Q. What is the correct IUPAC name for the compound with the structure CH3-CH(CH3)-C(=O)-OH?
A.
3-Methylbutanoic acid
B.
2-Methylbutanoic acid
C.
2-Hydroxy-3-methylbutanoic acid
D.
3-Hydroxy-2-methylbutanoic acid
Show solution
Solution
The compound is 2-methylbutanoic acid, as the carboxylic acid is on the second carbon of the butane chain.
Correct Answer:
B
— 2-Methylbutanoic acid
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Q. What is the correct IUPAC name for the compound with the structure CH3-CH(CH3)-CH2-COOH?
A.
2-Methylbutanoic acid
B.
3-Methylbutanoic acid
C.
2-Butenoic acid
D.
3-Butenoic acid
Show solution
Solution
The longest carbon chain has four carbons, and the methyl group is on the second carbon, making it 2-Methylbutanoic acid.
Correct Answer:
A
— 2-Methylbutanoic acid
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Q. What is the correct IUPAC name for the compound with the structure CH3-CH2-CH(CH3)-C(CH3)2-CH3?
A.
3,3-dimethylpentane
B.
2,2-dimethylhexane
C.
2-methylhexane
D.
3-methylpentane
Show solution
Solution
The longest chain has five carbons (pentane) with two methyl groups on the third carbon, making it 3,3-dimethylpentane.
Correct Answer:
A
— 3,3-dimethylpentane
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Q. What is the correct IUPAC name for the compound with the structure CH3-CH2-CH(CH3)-CH2-CH3?
A.
3-methylpentane
B.
2-methylpentane
C.
4-methylpentane
D.
2,3-dimethylbutane
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Solution
The longest chain has five carbons, and the methyl group is on the third carbon, making it 3-methylpentane.
Correct Answer:
A
— 3-methylpentane
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Q. What is the correct IUPAC name for the compound with the structure CH3-CH2-COOH?
A.
Propanoic acid
B.
Butanoic acid
C.
Acetic acid
D.
Isobutyric acid
Show solution
Solution
The compound has three carbon atoms in the longest chain and a carboxylic acid functional group, making it propanoic acid.
Correct Answer:
A
— Propanoic acid
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Q. What is the critical point of a gas?
A.
The temperature at which a gas can no longer be liquefied
B.
The pressure at which a gas behaves ideally
C.
The temperature at which gas molecules stop moving
D.
The point at which gas volume is zero
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Solution
The critical point of a gas is the temperature and pressure at which it can no longer be liquefied, regardless of the pressure applied.
Correct Answer:
A
— The temperature at which a gas can no longer be liquefied
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Q. What is the critical point of a substance?
A.
The temperature at which a substance can exist as a solid
B.
The temperature and pressure at which gas and liquid phases are indistinguishable
C.
The point at which a substance boils
D.
The temperature at which a substance freezes
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Solution
The critical point is the temperature and pressure at which the gas and liquid phases of a substance become indistinguishable.
Correct Answer:
B
— The temperature and pressure at which gas and liquid phases are indistinguishable
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Q. What is the effect of a -CF3 group on the reactivity of an aromatic ring in electrophilic substitution?
A.
Activating
B.
Deactivating
C.
No effect
D.
Reversible
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Solution
The -CF3 group is a strong electron-withdrawing group, making the aromatic ring less reactive in electrophilic substitution.
Correct Answer:
B
— Deactivating
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Q. What is the effect of a catalyst on a system at equilibrium?
A.
Shifts the equilibrium position
B.
Increases the rate of reaction
C.
Decreases the equilibrium constant
D.
Has no effect on the reaction
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Solution
A catalyst increases the rate of both the forward and reverse reactions equally, thus it does not shift the equilibrium position but helps reach it faster.
Correct Answer:
B
— Increases the rate of reaction
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