Higher production costs are not a benefit of biotechnology; in fact, biotechnology aims to reduce costs.

Genetic engineering of crops is primarily an agricultural application, not a direct medical application.

Traditional farming does not involve biotechnological methods, while the other options are applications of biotechnology.

Species diversity refers to the variety of species in an ecosystem, not a characteristic of a single population.

Ecosystems are dynamic and characterized by changing populations, not static populations.

Endothermic reactions absorb heat, feel cold, and have a positive ΔH; they do not release heat.

An exothermic reaction releases heat and has a negative ΔH. It causes the temperature of the surroundings to increase, not absorb energy.

An ideal solution has a constant boiling point and obeys Raoult's law, while variable composition is not a characteristic.

Crystalline solids exhibit anisotropy, meaning their properties vary with direction, while isotropy refers to uniform properties in all directions.

D-block elements typically have variable oxidation states and lower ionization energies compared to p-block elements.

Essential oils are typically non-water-soluble and are known for their volatile and aromatic properties.

Ionic solids do not conduct electricity in the solid state; they conduct when melted or dissolved in water.

K-selected species typically have low reproductive rates, focusing on raising fewer offspring with high parental care.

Decay is not a characteristic of life; it is a process that occurs after death.

Inertia is not a characteristic of living organisms; they exhibit growth, reproduction, and movement.

Not all p-block elements are metals; many are nonmetals and metalloids.

Polymers typically have low solubility in water, especially synthetic ones.

R-selected species are characterized by high fecundity and short lifespans, not long gestation periods.

Solids are not highly compressible; they have a definite shape and volume, and their particles vibrate in fixed positions.

Echinodermata do not possess a notochord; this feature is characteristic of Chordata.

Phylum Mollusca is characterized by soft bodies, often with a shell, and a mantle, but they do not have jointed legs.

Porifera, or sponges, lack true tissues, which distinguishes them from other multicellular organisms.

The plant kingdom is characterized by eukaryotic cells, autotrophic nutrition, and the presence of chlorophyll. Heterotrophic nutrition is not a characteristic of plants.

Ribose is not a component of DNA; it is found in RNA. DNA contains deoxyribose.

The cell theory states that all living things are composed of cells, cells are the basic unit of life, and all cells arise from pre-existing cells. Spontaneous generation is not part of the cell theory.

Uniformity of traits is not a condition for natural selection; rather, variation in traits is essential for natural selection to act upon.

Kilogram is a fundamental unit, while Newton, Joule, and Pascal are derived units.

Fungi is not a domain; it is a kingdom within the domain Eukarya.

Viruses are not classified as a domain of life.

Environmental Stability does not lead to evolution; rather, it is the changes in the environment that drive evolutionary processes.