Stool examination is commonly used to diagnose infections caused by intestinal protozoa.

Actinomyces species are known to cause actinomycosis, a chronic infection.

E. coli is a common indicator organism used to assess fecal contamination in water, indicating the presence of pathogens.

Stool culture is commonly used to diagnose Vibrio infections, particularly in cases of gastroenteritis.

Culture and sensitivity tests are commonly used to identify bacterial infections and determine the most effective antibiotics.

PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) tests are commonly used to diagnose HIV infection by detecting viral RNA.

Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) is a common method for identifying bacteria.

Autoclaving uses high-pressure steam to sterilize surgical instruments, effectively killing all microorganisms.

Viruses can be transmitted through direct contact, airborne droplets, and contaminated surfaces.

Fusobacterium is a common non-sporing anaerobe found in the human oral cavity.

Candidiasis, caused by Candida species, is a common opportunistic infection that can occur in immunocompromised individuals.

Escherichia coli is a well-known pathogen within the Enterobacteriaceae family.

Steam is a common physical agent that can cause thermal burns due to its high temperature.

Lactobacillus is a common probiotic strain found in fermented foods like sauerkraut.

Cystic fibrosis is a common risk factor for Burkholderia cepacia infection due to the compromised lung function.

Aminoglycosides are known to cause ototoxicity, affecting hearing and balance.

Peripheral neuropathy is a common side effect of isoniazid, often due to pyridoxine (vitamin B6) deficiency.

Diarrhea is a common side effect associated with macrolide antibiotics.

Escherichia coli can be found in soil and is known to cause infections.

E. coli O157:H7 can be found in contaminated water, undercooked beef, and raw vegetables.

Fever, rash, and nausea can all be symptoms of a bacterial infection, depending on the specific pathogen.

High fever is a common symptom of brucellosis, often accompanied by other flu-like symptoms.

Nausea and vomiting are common symptoms of foodborne illness caused by various pathogens.

Diarrhea is a common symptom associated with Vibrio infections, particularly cholera.

Antifungals are the primary treatment for fungal infections.

Algae, particularly carrageenan from red algae, is commonly used as a thickening agent in food products.

Pickles are commonly used as a condiment to enhance the flavor of dishes.

Influenza is a common viral infection that affects the respiratory system.

A disadvantage of using chlorine for disinfection is that it can form harmful byproducts, such as trihalomethanes, which are toxic.

Burkholderia pseudomallei infection is often characterized by abscess formation, particularly in the lungs and other organs.