Many bacteria use nitrate as a terminal electron acceptor in anaerobic respiration.

DNA polymerase is the enzyme that synthesizes new DNA strands by adding nucleotides complementary to the template strand.

RNA polymerase is the enzyme that synthesizes RNA from a DNA template during transcription.

The primary ethical concern is the potential for creating harmful organisms that could impact ecosystems or human health.

The primary event during the S phase is DNA synthesis, where the cell replicates its genetic material.

All of the above factors can significantly influence protein stability.

The primary fat in milk is saturated fat, which is present in varying amounts depending on the type of milk.

The primary feature of PTSD is the experience of flashbacks or intrusive memories related to a traumatic event.

Alcoholic fermentation is the primary fermentation process used in beer production.

Descriptive epidemiology aims to describe the occurrence of diseases in terms of person, place, and time.

Biosensors are designed to detect specific biological analytes, such as glucose or pathogens, by converting a biological response into an electrical signal.

Cloning vectors are used primarily to amplify specific DNA sequences.

The primary function of a reflex arc is to provide a rapid response to stimuli, allowing for quick reactions without the need for conscious thought.

Antibodies are proteins produced by the immune system that specifically recognize and neutralize pathogens such as bacteria and viruses.

The primary function of antibodies is to bind to antigens and neutralize them.

Bacteria in the human gut primarily help in the production of vitamins, such as vitamin K and some B vitamins.

Branched-chain amino acids (leucine, isoleucine, and valine) primarily promote protein synthesis and muscle recovery.

Carbohydrates are the body's main source of energy, providing fuel for the brain, muscles, and other tissues.

Chromosomes are structures that carry genetic information in the form of DNA, which is essential for inheritance and cellular function.

Ciliated columnar epithelium helps in moving mucus and trapped particles out of the respiratory tract, aiding in protection and clearance.

DNA primarily serves as the genetic blueprint for the development and functioning of living organisms.

Enhancers are regulatory DNA sequences that promote transcription from a distance by interacting with transcription factors.

Enzymes lower the activation energy required for biochemical reactions, thereby increasing the reaction rate.

Enzymes act as catalysts that speed up biochemical reactions without being consumed in the process.

Enzymes act as catalysts that speed up biochemical reactions without being consumed in the process.

Fermentation primarily serves to regenerate NAD+ to allow glycolysis to continue.

GPCRs primarily function to activate intracellular signaling pathways upon binding to ligands.

Growth hormone, produced by the pituitary gland, stimulates growth, cell reproduction, and regeneration in the body.

Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas that lowers blood glucose levels by facilitating the uptake of glucose into cells.

Mismatch repair is responsible for correcting base-pairing errors that occur during DNA replication.