Cytokinins stimulate cell division, promote root growth, and inhibit leaf senescence.

Essential oils from plants often possess antimicrobial properties, making them useful in health and wellness.

Essential oils help plants defend against pests and can have therapeutic effects in humans.

Essential oils help protect plants from pests and diseases, and can have therapeutic effects when used in aromatherapy.

Essential oils serve as a defense mechanism against herbivores and pathogens.

Histones are proteins that help package DNA into a compact, organized structure called chromatin.

Mitochondria are known as the powerhouses of the cell, where energy production through respiration occurs.

Monoclonal antibodies are designed to target specific cells, making them useful in therapies and diagnostics.

Mutations provide the raw material for evolution by introducing new genetic variations into a population.

Mycorrhizae enhance nutrient absorption for plants, particularly phosphorus.

Mycorrhizae enhance nutrient absorption, particularly phosphorus, from the soil.

Mycorrhizal fungi enhance nutrient absorption, particularly phosphorus, for plants.

NADPH serves as an electron carrier in the light-independent reactions of photosynthesis.

Phloem is responsible for the transport of sugars and other metabolic products downward from the leaves.

Phytochemicals are compounds in plants that can help prevent diseases.

Phytosterols can help lower cholesterol levels in humans by blocking the absorption of cholesterol in the intestines.

Phytosterols are known to lower cholesterol levels in the body.

Pollinators transfer pollen from the male anthers to the female stigma, facilitating fertilization.

Pollinators facilitate cross-pollination, which enhances genetic diversity and can lead to evolutionary adaptations in flowering plants.

Rhizobium bacteria form nodules on legume roots and fix atmospheric nitrogen, benefiting the plant.

Rhizobium bacteria form nodules on legume roots and fix atmospheric nitrogen, benefiting the plant.

Rhizobium bacteria form symbiotic relationships with legume roots, fixing nitrogen and improving soil fertility.

Ribosomes are responsible for synthesizing proteins by translating messenger RNA.

RNA acts as a messenger (mRNA) and translator (tRNA) in the process of protein synthesis.

RuBisCO is the enzyme that catalyzes the fixation of carbon dioxide in the Calvin cycle.

RuBisCO is the enzyme that catalyzes the fixation of carbon dioxide in the Calvin cycle.

Stomata are small openings on the leaf surface that allow for gas exchange, including the intake of carbon dioxide and release of oxygen.

Stomata are small openings that allow for gas exchange, including the intake of carbon dioxide.

The apical meristem is responsible for cell division, leading to primary growth in plants.

The apical meristem is responsible for cell division and growth at the tips of roots and shoots.