Q. In a survey of 150 people, 90 like tea, 60 like coffee, and 30 like both. How many people like neither tea nor coffee?
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Solution
Using inclusion-exclusion, the number of people who like either tea or coffee is 90 + 60 - 30 = 120. Therefore, those who like neither is 150 - 120 = 30.
Correct Answer:
B
— 60
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Q. In a survey of 150 people, 90 like tea, 70 like coffee, and 40 like both. How many people like only coffee?
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Solution
The number of people who like only coffee is |Coffee| - |Both| = 70 - 40 = 30.
Correct Answer:
B
— 40
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Q. In a survey, 45 people like action movies, 30 like drama, and 15 like both. How many people like only action movies?
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Solution
The number of people who like only action movies is 45 - 15 = 30.
Correct Answer:
A
— 30
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Q. In a survey, 45 people like dogs, 30 like cats, and 15 like both. How many people like only cats?
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Solution
The number of people who like only cats is 30 - 15 = 15.
Correct Answer:
B
— 30
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Q. In a survey, 60% of respondents like chocolate, 40% like vanilla, and 20% like both. What percentage like only chocolate?
A.
40%
B.
20%
C.
60%
D.
30%
Show solution
Solution
The percentage of respondents who like only chocolate is 60% - 20% = 40%.
Correct Answer:
A
— 40%
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Q. In a survey, 60% of respondents like chocolate, 40% like vanilla, and 25% like both. What percentage like only chocolate?
A.
35%
B.
25%
C.
15%
D.
45%
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Solution
The percentage of respondents who like only chocolate is 60% - 25% = 35%.
Correct Answer:
A
— 35%
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Q. In a survey, 60% of respondents like reading fiction, 40% like reading non-fiction, and 20% like both. What percentage of respondents like only fiction?
A.
40%
B.
20%
C.
60%
D.
30%
Show solution
Solution
The percentage of respondents who like only fiction is |Fiction| - |Both| = 60% - 20% = 40%.
Correct Answer:
A
— 40%
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Q. In a survey, 60% of respondents preferred coffee over tea. If 30% of the coffee drinkers also liked tea, what percentage of the total respondents liked both?
A.
18%
B.
30%
C.
60%
D.
12%
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Solution
30% of 60% is 18%, which represents the percentage of total respondents who liked both.
Correct Answer:
A
— 18%
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Q. In a survey, 60% of respondents preferred coffee over tea. If 30% of those who preferred coffee also liked tea, what percentage of respondents liked only coffee?
A.
30%
B.
60%
C.
42%
D.
18%
Show solution
Solution
If 60% preferred coffee and 30% of those liked tea, then 30% liked both, leaving 30% who liked only coffee.
Correct Answer:
C
— 42%
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Q. In a survey, 60% of respondents preferred tea over coffee. If 40% of tea drinkers also liked coffee, what percentage of the total respondents liked both?
A.
24%
B.
40%
C.
60%
D.
16%
Show solution
Solution
If 60% prefer tea and 40% of those like coffee, then 0.6 * 0.4 = 0.24 or 24% of total respondents liked both.
Correct Answer:
A
— 24%
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Q. In a survey, 60% of respondents preferred tea over coffee. If 40% of tea drinkers also liked coffee, what percentage of tea drinkers did not like coffee?
A.
60%
B.
40%
C.
24%
D.
36%
Show solution
Solution
If 40% of tea drinkers like coffee, then 60% do not like coffee.
Correct Answer:
A
— 60%
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Q. In a survey, 70% of respondents like chocolate, 50% like vanilla, and 20% like both. What percentage of respondents like only chocolate?
A.
50%
B.
30%
C.
40%
D.
20%
Show solution
Solution
The percentage of respondents who like only chocolate is |Chocolate| - |Both| = 70% - 20% = 50%.
Correct Answer:
A
— 50%
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Q. In a survey, 90 people like apples, 70 like bananas, and 30 like both. How many people like only bananas?
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Solution
The number of people who like only bananas is 70 - 30 = 40.
Correct Answer:
A
— 40
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Q. In a survey, 90 people like dogs, 70 like cats, and 30 like both. How many people like only cats?
Show solution
Solution
The number of people who like only cats is 70 - 30 = 40.
Correct Answer:
A
— 40
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Q. In a team of four, A, B, C, and D, A is taller than B but shorter than C. D is shorter than A. Who is the tallest?
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Solution
C is taller than A, who is taller than B, and D is shorter than A, making C the tallest.
Correct Answer:
C
— C
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Q. In a team of four, if A can only work with B or C, and D can only work with C, which of the following pairs can work together?
A.
A and D
B.
B and C
C.
C and D
D.
A and C
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Solution
A and C can work together as A is willing to work with C.
Correct Answer:
D
— A and C
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Q. In resource allocation, what does the term 'scarcity' imply?
A.
Resources are abundant and easily accessible.
B.
There is a limited availability of resources relative to demand.
C.
Resources can be allocated without any constraints.
D.
All resources are equally important.
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Solution
Scarcity implies that resources are limited compared to demand, making option 1 the correct answer.
Correct Answer:
B
— There is a limited availability of resources relative to demand.
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Q. In resource allocation, what does the term 'trade-off' refer to?
A.
The process of allocating resources without any constraints.
B.
The balance between different resource needs and their availability.
C.
The elimination of all costs associated with resource use.
D.
The equal distribution of resources among all stakeholders.
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Solution
A trade-off in resource allocation refers to the balance between different resource needs and their availability, making option 1 the correct interpretation.
Correct Answer:
B
— The balance between different resource needs and their availability.
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Q. In the context of constraint-based sets, which of the following best describes a 'subset'?
A.
A set that contains all elements of another set.
B.
A set that contains some or all elements of another set.
C.
A set that is completely unrelated to another set.
D.
A set that is larger than another set.
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Solution
A subset is defined as a set that contains some or all elements of another set, making this statement accurate.
Correct Answer:
B
— A set that contains some or all elements of another set.
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Q. In the context of constraint-based sets, which of the following statements best describes the relationship between elements in a set?
A.
Elements are independent of each other.
B.
Elements must adhere to specific rules or conditions.
C.
Elements can be freely added or removed.
D.
Elements are always numeric.
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Solution
In constraint-based sets, elements are defined by specific rules or conditions that govern their inclusion in the set.
Correct Answer:
B
— Elements must adhere to specific rules or conditions.
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Q. In the context of constraint-based sets, which of the following statements best describes the relationship between constraints and set membership?
A.
Constraints define the elements that can belong to a set.
B.
Constraints are irrelevant to set membership.
C.
Set membership is determined solely by the number of elements.
D.
Constraints only apply to finite sets.
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Solution
Constraints are essential in defining the criteria for which elements can be included in a set.
Correct Answer:
A
— Constraints define the elements that can belong to a set.
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Q. In the context of constraint-based sets, which of the following statements best describes the relationship between constraints and set elements?
A.
Constraints limit the number of elements in a set.
B.
Constraints define the properties of the elements in a set.
C.
Constraints are irrelevant to the elements of a set.
D.
Constraints can only be applied to numerical sets.
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Solution
Constraints define the properties of the elements in a set, guiding which elements can be included based on specific criteria.
Correct Answer:
B
— Constraints define the properties of the elements in a set.
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Q. In the context of hybrid sets, what does it mean for two sets to be mutually exclusive?
A.
They have at least one element in common.
B.
They have no elements in common.
C.
They are identical.
D.
They are subsets of each other.
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Solution
Mutually exclusive sets are defined as sets that do not share any elements, meaning they have no elements in common.
Correct Answer:
B
— They have no elements in common.
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Q. In the context of hybrid sets, what does the term 'cardinality' refer to?
A.
The number of elements in a set.
B.
The type of elements in a set.
C.
The relationship between two sets.
D.
The operation performed on sets.
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Solution
Cardinality refers to the number of elements in a set, which is a key concept in understanding hybrid sets.
Correct Answer:
A
— The number of elements in a set.
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Q. In the context of hybrid sets, what does the term 'disjoint sets' refer to?
A.
Sets that have no elements in common.
B.
Sets that are identical.
C.
Sets that are subsets of one another.
D.
Sets that contain the same number of elements.
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Solution
Disjoint sets refer to sets that have no elements in common, meaning their intersection is empty.
Correct Answer:
A
— Sets that have no elements in common.
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Q. In the context of hybrid sets, which of the following best describes the relationship between the elements of set A and set B?
A.
Set A is a subset of set B.
B.
Set B is a subset of set A.
C.
Set A and set B are disjoint sets.
D.
Set A and set B have some elements in common.
Show solution
Solution
Hybrid sets often contain elements that are shared between two or more sets, indicating that they have some elements in common.
Correct Answer:
D
— Set A and set B have some elements in common.
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Q. In the context of hybrid sets, which term best describes elements that are present in both sets?
A.
Union
B.
Intersection
C.
Subset
D.
Complement
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Solution
The term 'intersection' refers to the elements that are present in both sets.
Correct Answer:
B
— Intersection
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Q. In the context of project management, what does the term 'resource leveling' refer to?
A.
Adjusting project schedules to ensure resources are used evenly.
B.
Cutting down on resource usage to save costs.
C.
Allocating resources based on project urgency.
D.
Distributing resources based on team preferences.
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Solution
Resource leveling involves adjusting project schedules to ensure that resources are used evenly, which is described in option 0.
Correct Answer:
A
— Adjusting project schedules to ensure resources are used evenly.
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Q. In the context of resource allocation, what does 'diminishing returns' refer to? (2023)
A.
The increase in output with each additional unit of input.
B.
The decrease in output with each additional unit of input after a certain point.
C.
The constant output regardless of input levels.
D.
The equal contribution of all inputs to production.
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Solution
Diminishing returns refer to the decrease in output with each additional unit of input after a certain point, thus option 1 is correct.
Correct Answer:
B
— The decrease in output with each additional unit of input after a certain point.
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Q. In the context of resource allocation, what does the term 'diminishing returns' imply?
A.
Increasing inputs will eventually yield lower per-unit returns.
B.
All resources must be utilized to achieve maximum output.
C.
Returns will increase indefinitely with more resources.
D.
Resources should be allocated equally to all sectors.
Show solution
Solution
Diminishing returns indicate that adding more input will eventually lead to smaller increases in output, thus option 0 is correct.
Correct Answer:
A
— Increasing inputs will eventually yield lower per-unit returns.
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