Apomicts are plants that can produce seeds without fertilization, resulting in offspring that are genetically identical to the parent.

Divergent evolution refers to the process where a single ancestral species diversifies into multiple forms to adapt to different environments.

Phototropism is the growth response of a plant to light, typically resulting in bending towards the light source.

Gravitropism is the growth response of plants to the direction of gravity.

Translocation refers to the movement of water and nutrients through the plant, specifically from roots to leaves.

Phenotype refers to the observable characteristics of an organism, which are influenced by its genotype and environment.

Phenotype refers to the observable traits of an organism, influenced by both genetic and environmental factors.

Phenotype refers to the observable traits of an organism, influenced by both genetics and environmental factors.

The phenotype is the set of observable characteristics of an organism, influenced by both genetic and environmental factors.

Germination is the process where a seed absorbs water and begins to grow into a new plant.

Germination is the process by which a seed develops into a new plant.

Transpiration is the process of water vapor loss from plant leaves through stomata.

Transpiration is the process of water vapor loss from plant surfaces, primarily through stomata.

Transpiration is the process of water vapor loss from plant surfaces, mainly through stomata.

Photosynthesis is the process by which plants convert sunlight into chemical energy.

Phototropism is the growth response of plants to light direction.

Phototropism is the growth response of plants to light direction.

Dispersal is the process that allows seeds to be spread away from the parent plant, reducing competition and increasing the chances of successful germination.

Germination is the process by which seeds develop into new plants under suitable conditions.

Dormancy is the state in which seeds remain inactive until environmental conditions are suitable for germination.

The relationship between plants and pollinators is a mutualistic one, where both parties benefit from the interaction.

The scientific naming system used in plant taxonomy is called binomial nomenclature.

Taxonomy is the science of classification of living organisms, including plants.

The relationship between plants and nitrogen-fixing bacteria is a mutualistic symbiosis.

Pollination is the process of transferring pollen from the anther to the stigma of a flower.

Pollination is the process of transferring pollen from the male anther to the female stigma, which is essential for fertilization.

The APG IV classification recognizes approximately 600 plant families.

Diploid cells have two sets of chromosomes, so the typical number is 46.

Monocot stems typically have numerous vascular bundles, often ranging from 10 to 20.

Healthy plants typically contain about 70% water by weight.