Electrostatics Study Materials for Competitive Exams

Electrostatics

Capacitance Electric Charges & Fields Electric Potential Gauss Law

Q. What is the electric potential at a point 0.3m away from a charge of +4μC?

A. 12000 V
B. 3000 V
C. 6000 V
D. 9000 V

Solution

V = k * q / r = (9 × 10^9) * (4 × 10^-6) / 0.3 = 12000 V.

Correct Answer: A — 12000 V

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Q. What is the electric potential at a point due to a point charge?

A. kQ/r
B. Q/(4πε₀r²)
C. kQ/(4πε₀r)
D. Q/(4πr²)

Solution

The electric potential V at a distance r from a point charge Q is given by V = kQ/r, where k is Coulomb's constant.

Correct Answer: A — kQ/r

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Q. What is the electric potential at a point due to a positive point charge?

A. Zero
B. Positive
C. Negative
D. Depends on distance

Solution

The electric potential due to a positive point charge is positive and decreases with distance from the charge.

Correct Answer: B — Positive

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Q. What is the electric potential at a point in space where the electric field is zero?

A. Zero
B. Positive
C. Negative
D. Undefined

Solution

The electric potential can be positive or negative; it is not necessarily zero when the electric field is zero.

Correct Answer: B — Positive

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Q. What is the electric potential due to a dipole at a point along the axial line at a distance 'r' from the center of the dipole?

A. 0
B. k * p / r²
C. k * p / r
D. k * p / 2r

Solution

The potential V = k * p / r, where p is the dipole moment.

Correct Answer: C — k * p / r

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Q. What is the electric potential due to a point charge at a distance r?

A. k * q / r
B. k * q / r^2
C. k * q * r
D. k * q * r^2

Solution

The electric potential V due to a point charge q at a distance r is given by V = k * q / r.

Correct Answer: A — k * q / r

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Q. What is the electric potential due to a point charge of 5 μC at a distance of 2 m?

A. 0 V
B. 2250 V
C. 1125 V
D. 4500 V

Solution

Electric potential V = k * q / r = (9 × 10^9 N m²/C²) * (5 × 10^-6 C) / (2 m) = 2250 V.

Correct Answer: B — 2250 V

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Q. What is the electric potential energy of a charge of 1 C at a point where the electric potential is 10 V?

A. 10 J
B. 1 J
C. 0 J
D. 100 J

Solution

Electric potential energy U = q * V = 1 C * 10 V = 10 J.

Correct Answer: A — 10 J

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Q. What is the electric potential energy of a charge of 1 C placed in an electric field of 10 N/C at a distance of 2 m?

A. 20 J
B. 10 J
C. 5 J
D. 2 J

Solution

Electric potential energy U = q * V = q * E * d = 1 C * 10 N/C * 2 m = 20 J.

Correct Answer: A — 20 J

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Q. What is the electric potential energy of a charge of 1 μC placed in an electric potential of 200 V?

A. 0.2 mJ
B. 0.1 mJ
C. 0.4 mJ
D. 0.5 mJ

Solution

Electric potential energy U = q * V = 1 × 10^-6 C * 200 V = 0.2 mJ.

Correct Answer: A — 0.2 mJ

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Q. What is the electric potential energy of a system of two charges +q and -q separated by a distance r?

A. 0
B. kq²/r
C. -kq²/r
D. kq/r

Solution

The electric potential energy U = k(q1*q2)/r = k(+q*-q)/r = -kq²/r.

Correct Answer: C — -kq²/r

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Q. What is the electric potential energy of a system of two charges of +2 μC and -2 μC separated by 0.5 m?

A. -72 J
B. 72 J
C. 0 J
D. -36 J

Solution

U = k * (q1 * q2) / r = (9 × 10^9 N m²/C²) * (2 × 10^-6 C * -2 × 10^-6 C) / 0.5 m = -72 J.

Correct Answer: D — -36 J

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Q. What is the electric potential energy of a system of two point charges Q1 and Q2 separated by a distance r?

A. kQ1Q2/r
B. kQ1Q2/2r
C. kQ1Q2/r²
D. kQ1Q2

Solution

The electric potential energy U of a system of two point charges is given by U = kQ1Q2/r.

Correct Answer: A — kQ1Q2/r

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Q. What is the energy stored in a capacitor of capacitance 10μF charged to a potential difference of 50V?

A. 0.0125 J
B. 0.025 J
C. 0.05 J
D. 0.1 J

Solution

U = 1/2 * C * V² = 1/2 * (10 × 10^-6 F) * (50 V)² = 0.0125 J.

Correct Answer: B — 0.025 J

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Q. What is the energy stored in a capacitor of capacitance C charged to a voltage V?

A. 1/2 CV
B. CV
C. 1/2 C/V
D. C/V

Solution

The energy (U) stored in a capacitor is given by the formula U = 1/2 CV².

Correct Answer: A — 1/2 CV

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Q. What is the energy stored in a capacitor with capacitance C charged to a voltage V?

A. 1/2 CV²
B. CV
C. 1/2 V²/C
D. C²V

Solution

The energy (U) stored in a capacitor is given by the formula U = 1/2 CV².

Correct Answer: A — 1/2 CV²

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Q. What is the energy stored in a capacitor with capacitance C charged to voltage V?

A. 1/2 CV
B. CV
C. 1/2 C/V
D. C/V

Solution

The energy (U) stored in a capacitor is given by the formula U = 1/2 CV².

Correct Answer: A — 1/2 CV

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Q. What is the force between two point charges of +2μC and -3μC separated by a distance of 0.5m in vacuum?

A. -1.08 N
B. -0.72 N
C. 1.08 N
D. 0.72 N

Solution

Using Coulomb's law, F = k * |q1 * q2| / r^2 = (9 × 10^9) * |2 × 10^-6 * -3 × 10^-6| / (0.5)^2 = -1.08 N.

Correct Answer: A — -1.08 N

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Q. What is the force experienced by a charge q in an electric field E?

A. F = qE
B. F = E/q
C. F = q/E
D. F = q + E

Solution

The force experienced by a charge q in an electric field E is given by F = qE.

Correct Answer: A — F = qE

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Q. What is the potential at a distance of 1 m from a dipole with a dipole moment of 2 × 10^-9 C·m?

A. 0 V
B. 1 V
C. 2 V
D. 4 V

Solution

Potential due to a dipole V = (1/4πε₀) * (p * cosθ) / r². At 1 m, it is negligible.

Correct Answer: A — 0 V

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Q. What is the potential difference across a 5 Ω resistor carrying a current of 2 A?

A. 10 V
B. 5 V
C. 2 V
D. 0 V

Solution

Using Ohm's law, V = I * R = 2 A * 5 Ω = 10 V.

Correct Answer: A — 10 V

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Q. What is the potential difference between two points A and B if the electric field is 5 N/C and the distance between them is 3 m?

A. 15 V
B. 5 V
C. 3 V
D. 0 V

Solution

Potential difference V = E * d = 5 N/C * 3 m = 15 V.

Correct Answer: A — 15 V

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Q. What is the potential difference between two points A and B if the electric field is uniform and equal to 50 N/C, and the distance between A and B is 2m?

A. 100 V
B. 50 V
C. 25 V
D. 0 V

Solution

Potential difference V = E * d = 50 N/C * 2 m = 100 V.

Correct Answer: A — 100 V

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Q. What is the potential difference between two points A and B in an electric field if the work done in moving a charge of 5μC from A to B is 0.02 J?

A. 4 V
B. 2 V
C. 10 V
D. 0.1 V

Solution

Potential difference V = W/Q = 0.02 J / (5 × 10^-6 C) = 4000 V = 4 V.

Correct Answer: A — 4 V

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Q. What is the potential difference between two points A and B in an electric field if the work done in moving a charge of 5μC from A to B is 10mJ?

A. 2V
B. 5V
C. 10V
D. 20V

Solution

Potential difference V = W/Q = 10mJ / 5μC = 10 × 10^-3 J / 5 × 10^-6 C = 2V.

Correct Answer: B — 5V

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Q. What is the potential difference between two points A and B in an electric field of 200 N/C if the distance between them is 0.5 m?

A. 100 V
B. 200 V
C. 50 V
D. 25 V

Solution

Potential difference V = E * d = 200 N/C * 0.5 m = 100 V.

Correct Answer: A — 100 V

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Q. What is the potential difference between two points A and B in an electric field if the work done in moving a charge of +2C from A to B is 10J?

A. 5 V
B. 10 V
C. 20 V
D. 2 V

Solution

V = W/Q = 10 J / 2 C = 5 V.

Correct Answer: B — 10 V

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Q. What is the potential difference between two points in a uniform electric field of strength 200 N/C separated by 3m?

A. 600 V
B. 200 V
C. 300 V
D. 400 V

Solution

V = E * d = 200 N/C * 3 m = 600 V.

Correct Answer: A — 600 V

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Q. What is the potential difference between two points in an electric field if the work done to move a charge of 2μC is 0.04 J?

A. 20 V
B. 30 V
C. 40 V
D. 50 V

Solution

Potential difference V = W/q = 0.04 J / (2 × 10^-6 C) = 20,000 V = 20 V.

Correct Answer: C — 40 V

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Q. What is the potential difference between two points in an electric field if the work done to move a charge of 2C is 10J?

A. 5V
B. 20V
C. 2V
D. 10V

Solution

Potential difference V = W/Q = 10J / 2C = 5V.

Correct Answer: B — 20V

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Electrostatics

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