In the context of the passage, 'ameliorate' means to improve, making option B the correct replacement.

'Improve' is the best replacement for 'ameliorate', as both words convey the idea of making conditions better.

In the context of the passage, 'mitigate' means to reduce the severity of an issue, making 'reduce' the best replacement.

'Ubiquitous' means present everywhere or widespread, so 'common' is the best replacement in this context.

'Common' is the best replacement for 'ubiquitous', as it conveys the idea of smartphones being widely present in society.

'sorrowful' is the odd one out as it has a negative connotation, while the others are positive.

Sad is the only word that conveys a negative emotion, while the others are positive.

Carrot is a vegetable, while the others are fruits.

'sad' is the odd one out as it has a negative connotation, while the others are positive or neutral.

Teacher is the only profession that is primarily educational, while the others are in the medical field.

Slow is the only word that indicates a lack of speed, while the others indicate speed.

Gloomy is the only word that conveys a negative emotion, while the others are positive.

Joy is a positive emotion, while the others can be negative.

Timid is an antonym of the other three words.

Slow is the only word that indicates a lack of speed, while the others indicate speed.

Learn is the only action that involves receiving knowledge, while the others involve giving knowledge.

'Arduous' means difficult, making option 2 the closest in meaning.

The word 'meticulous' means showing great attention to detail, which is closest in meaning to 'thorough'.

In the context of the passage, 'mitigate' means to reduce the severity of an issue, making 'reduce' the closest synonym.

'Ubiquitous' means present everywhere or widespread, making 'widespread' the closest synonym in meaning.

'Flower' is a homophone for 'flour', sounding the same but having different meanings.

'Happiness' is a noun, while the others are not.

'Under' is the preposition in the sentence.

'Under' is the preposition that shows the relationship between the cat and the table.

'Distribute' means to allocate resources or items, making it a synonym for 'allocate'.

'Benevolent' refers to being kind and well-meaning. Hence, the synonym is 'kind'.

'Candid' means truthful and straightforward; thus, it is synonymous with 'honest'.

'Challenging' is a synonym for 'difficult', indicating something that requires effort to overcome.

'Diligent' means having or showing care and conscientiousness in one's work or duties.

'Frugal' means sparing or economical with regard to money or food.