The expression A AND NOT A is always false, which is represented by 0.

If A is true, A OR (A AND B) evaluates to true regardless of B.

The expression A OR A simplifies to A, as it is idempotent.

The expression A OR NOT A is always true, which is represented by 1.

This is an application of De Morgan's Theorem, which states NOT (A AND B) = NOT A OR NOT B.

Capacitors in integrated circuits are used to store electrical energy temporarily, smoothing out voltage fluctuations.

A multiplexer selects data from multiple input sources and forwards it to a single output line.

A voltage divider is used to decrease voltage levels to a desired value suitable for interfacing with other components.

The discharge pin is used to discharge the timing capacitor when the output goes low.

The instruction register holds the current instruction that is being executed by the microprocessor.

According to the Idempotent Law, A AND A simplifies to A.

Using the Absorption Law, A AND (A OR B) simplifies to A.

This follows the Distributive Law, which states A AND (B OR C) = A AND B OR A AND C.

The internal RAM size of the 8051 microcontroller is 128 bytes.

A NAND gate outputs low (0) only when both inputs are high (1); otherwise, it outputs high (1).

A 2-input XOR gate outputs 0 when both inputs are the same (either both 0 or both 1).

A NAND gate outputs high (1) when at least one input is low; thus, it outputs 1 when both inputs are low.

An Ex-NOR gate outputs 0 when both inputs are different.

The AND operation outputs true only if both A and B are true; otherwise, it outputs false.

The Ex-OR gate outputs 1 when the inputs are different (A=1, B=0).

An OR gate outputs 0 only when both inputs are 0.

The two's complement of 0110 is 1010.

The duty cycle in astable mode varies based on the resistor and capacitor values used in the circuit.

When both resistors in an astable 555 timer are equal, the duty cycle is typically 50%.

CMOS gates have a high input impedance, which allows them to draw very little current from the input signal.

CMOS logic gates have a high input impedance, which allows them to draw very little current.

A 2-to-4 line decoder typically has 4 outputs, with one output active based on the 2-bit input.

In TTL logic families, the typical output voltage level for a logic high is around 5V.

The output voltage level of a 555 timer in high state is typically equal to the supply voltage (Vcc).

A standard 10-bit ADC typically has an output voltage range of 0 to 5V, representing values from 0 to 1023.